CrashCourse

Crash Course Scientific Thinking Preview

13/01/2026

Science is one of the best ways we have of understanding what’s going on around us. In Crash Course Scientific Thinking we’ll explore the foundational principles that underlie scientific thought. Course Description In 7 episodes, Crash Course Scientific Thinking will teach learners the foundational principles underlying scientific thought, pulling back the curtain on processes like peer review, interrogating what makes sources reliable (or not), unpacking how consensus is reached, and revealing how scientific understanding changes over time. Ultimately, learners will gain the ability to think more critically about the scientific information they encounter in their everyday lives. Series Objectives - Describe the dynamic, communal nature of science, articulating the roles of uncertainty and consensus. - Explain the role of peer review and replication in science. - Unpack the potential for bias and error in science and understand its self-correction mechanisms. - Understand the role of specialization in scientific expertise. - Interpret primary, secondary, and tertiary sources, and use lateral reading to verify claims. - Understand basic statistical language used to describe scientific findings. Sources: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1Kv2_mFsDxQURuFDxpflD45dy-pCxlqnM9iPSNYxigmQ/edit?tab=t.0#heading=h.vk5i2fgqyumq *** Support us for $5/month on Patreon to keep Crash Course free for everyone forever! https://www.patreon.com/crashcourse Or support us directly: https://complexly.com/support Join our Crash Course email list to get the latest news and highlights: https://mailchi.mp/crashcourse/email Get our special Crash Course Educators newsletter: http://eepurl.com/iBgMhY Thanks to the following patrons for their generous monthly contributions that help keep Crash Course free for everyone forever: DexcilaDou, Martin G. Diller, Johnathan Williams, Allison Wood, EllenBryn, Katrix , Jason Terpstra, Evan Nelson, Jennifer Wiggins-Lyndall, SpaceRangerWes, Dalton Williams, Chelsea S, Thomas Sully, Matthew Fredericksen, AThirstyPhilosopher ., Michael Maher, Mitch Gresko, Gina Mancuso, Roger Harms, Shruti S, Quinn Harden, Reed Spilmann, Brandon Thomas, Emily Beazley, Rie Ohta, oranjeez, UwU, Elizabeth LaBelle, Leah H., David Fanska, Andrew Woods, Katie Hoban, Kevin Knupp, Barbara Pettersen, Ken Davidian, Stephen Akuffo, Toni Miles, Steve Segreto, Kyle & Katherine Callahan, Laurel Stevens, Tanner Hedrick, Kristina D Knight, Samantha, Krystle Young, Perry Joyce, Scott Harrison, Alan Bridgeman, Breanna Bosso, Matt Curls, Liz Wdow, Jennifer Killen, Duncan W Moore IV, Sarah & Nathan Catchings, team dorsey, Bernardo Garza, Trevin Beattie, Pietro Gagliardi, John Lee, Eric Koslow, Indija-ka Siriwardena, Jason Rostoker, Siobhán, Ken Penttinen, Nathan Taylor, Barrett, Les Aker, ClareG, Rizwan Kassim, Constance Urist, Alex Hackman, Triad Terrace, Katie Dean, Jason Buster, Emily T, Stephen McCandless, Thomas, Joseph Ruf, Wai Jack Sin, Ian Dundore, Erminio Di Lodovico, Evol Hong, Tandy Ratliff, Caleb Weeks, Luke Sluder __ Want to find Crash Course elsewhere on the internet? Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/thecrashcourse/ Facebook - http://www.facebook.com/YouTubeCrashCourse Bluesky - https://bsky.app/profile/thecrashcourse.bsky.social CC Kids: http://www.youtube.com/crashcoursekids

The Hidden Politics of Home: Crash Course Latin American Literature #8

8/01/2026

Houses and homes occupy a lot of space in Latin American literature. In this episode of Crash Course Latin American Literature, we make room for all the ways that our homes can represent who we are. Introduction: Home 00:00 "The House on Mango Street" 0:23 "La Casa de los Espíritus" 3:06 "Las Malas" 6:42 Review & Credits 8:26 Sources: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1eE7g4-k6PD7C6wNBzeJIO8GCDHpoJl8ldDjKyq_2yYg/edit?tab=t.0 To learn more, check out these videos: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Nh4I1hMvubU https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Yb1_4FPtzrI https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1mVuM6OeT7w https://youtu.be/v6xi8_7Fy6Y?si=PH_2g3yFvT6XhtW4 https://youtu.be/yaeiCEro0iU?si=pmF-KqcG7NzRyk1x https://youtu.be/evUZ0MGseJY?si=Up3IjM1oZssSHE1_ Check out our CC Latin America Extra Curricular Playlist here: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL8dPuuaLjXtPTzMxnHVWhrV8dUZM0qL34 *** Support us for $5/month on Patreon to keep Crash Course free for everyone forever! https://www.patreon.com/crashcourse Or support us directly: https://complexly.com/support Join our Crash Course email list to get the latest news and highlights: https://mailchi.mp/crashcourse/email Get our special Crash Course Educators newsletter: http://eepurl.com/iBgMhY Thanks to the following patrons for their generous monthly contributions that help keep Crash Course free for everyone forever: DexcilaDou, Martin G. Diller, Johnathan Williams, Allison Wood, EllenBryn, Katrix , Jason Terpstra, Evan Nelson, Jennifer Wiggins-Lyndall, SpaceRangerWes, Dalton Williams, Chelsea S, Thomas Sully, Matthew Fredericksen, AThirstyPhilosopher ., Michael Maher, Mitch Gresko, Gina Mancuso, Roger Harms, Shruti S, Quinn Harden, Reed Spilmann, Brandon Thomas, Emily Beazley, Rie Ohta, oranjeez, UwU, Elizabeth LaBelle, Leah H., David Fanska, Andrew Woods, Katie Hoban, Kevin Knupp, Barbara Pettersen, Ken Davidian, Stephen Akuffo, Toni Miles, Steve Segreto, Kyle & Katherine Callahan, Laurel Stevens, Tanner Hedrick, Kristina D Knight, Samantha, Krystle Young, Perry Joyce, Scott Harrison, Alan Bridgeman, Breanna Bosso, Matt Curls, Liz Wdow, Jennifer Killen, Duncan W Moore IV, Sarah & Nathan Catchings, team dorsey, Bernardo Garza, Trevin Beattie, Pietro Gagliardi, John Lee, Eric Koslow, Indija-ka Siriwardena, Jason Rostoker, Siobhán, Ken Penttinen, Nathan Taylor, Barrett, Les Aker, ClareG, Rizwan Kassim, Constance Urist, Alex Hackman, Triad Terrace, Katie Dean, Jason Buster, Emily T, Stephen McCandless, Thomas, Joseph Ruf, Wai Jack Sin, Ian Dundore, Erminio Di Lodovico, Evol Hong, Tandy Ratliff, Caleb Weeks, Luke Sluder __ Want to find Crash Course elsewhere on the internet? Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/thecrashcourse/ Facebook - http://www.facebook.com/YouTubeCrashCourse Bluesky - https://bsky.app/profile/thecrashcourse.bsky.social CC Kids: http://www.youtube.com/crashcoursekids

Borders & Identity: Crash Course Latin American Literature #7

18/12/2025

Where you are affects WHO you are. But what happens when you cross a border? In this episode of Crash Course Latin American Literature, we’ll explore how exile and border crossings have inspired Latin American authors to cross literary borders, too. Introduction: Borders 00:00 Julio Cortázar 0:41 Chicanas & Gloria Anzaldúa 4:03 Yuri Herrera 6:54 Review & Credits 9:07 Sources: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1eE7g4-k6PD7C6wNBzeJIO8GCDHpoJl8ldDjKyq_2yYg/edit?tab=t.0 To learn more, check out these videos: https://youtu.be/CgaZGbzFK1s?si=m1iUUW_yL8d2axmm https://youtu.be/v6xi8_7Fy6Y?si=PH_2g3yFvT6XhtW4 https://youtu.be/Wg9FWxpZeJ8?si=WqgiBPyiOI8vKQfQ&t=454 https://youtu.be/5Z55k7CqZ0c?si=e4AByR_FGzxoXakI https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL8dPuuaLjXtNCG9Vq7vdvJytS-F-xGi7_ Check out our CC Latin America Extra Curricular Playlist here: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL8dPuuaLjXtPTzMxnHVWhrV8dUZM0qL34 *** Support us for $5/month on Patreon to keep Crash Course free for everyone forever! https://www.patreon.com/crashcourse Or support us directly: https://complexly.com/support Join our Crash Course email list to get the latest news and highlights: https://mailchi.mp/crashcourse/email Get our special Crash Course Educators newsletter: http://eepurl.com/iBgMhY Thanks to the following patrons for their generous monthly contributions that help keep Crash Course free for everyone forever: DexcilaDou, Martin G. Diller, Johnathan Williams, Allison Wood, EllenBryn, Katrix , Jason Terpstra, Evan Nelson, Jennifer Wiggins-Lyndall, SpaceRangerWes, Dalton Williams, Chelsea S, Thomas Sully, Matthew Fredericksen, AThirstyPhilosopher ., Michael Maher, Mitch Gresko, Gina Mancuso, Roger Harms, Shruti S, Quinn Harden, Reed Spilmann, Brandon Thomas, Emily Beazley, Rie Ohta, oranjeez, UwU, Elizabeth LaBelle, Leah H., David Fanska, Andrew Woods, Katie Hoban, Kevin Knupp, Barbara Pettersen, Ken Davidian, Stephen Akuffo, Toni Miles, Steve Segreto, Kyle & Katherine Callahan, Laurel Stevens, Tanner Hedrick, Kristina D Knight, Samantha, Krystle Young, Perry Joyce, Scott Harrison, Alan Bridgeman, Breanna Bosso, Matt Curls, Liz Wdow, Jennifer Killen, Duncan W Moore IV, Sarah & Nathan Catchings, team dorsey, Bernardo Garza, Trevin Beattie, Pietro Gagliardi, John Lee, Eric Koslow, Indija-ka Siriwardena, Jason Rostoker, Siobhán, Ken Penttinen, Nathan Taylor, Barrett, Les Aker, ClareG, Rizwan Kassim, Constance Urist, Alex Hackman, Triad Terrace, Katie Dean, Jason Buster, Emily T, Stephen McCandless, Thomas, Joseph Ruf, Wai Jack Sin, Ian Dundore, Erminio Di Lodovico, Evol Hong, Tandy Ratliff, Caleb Weeks, Luke Sluder __ Want to find Crash Course elsewhere on the internet? Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/thecrashcourse/ Facebook - http://www.facebook.com/YouTubeCrashCourse Bluesky - https://bsky.app/profile/thecrashcourse.bsky.social CC Kids: http://www.youtube.com/crashcoursekids

How Should AI Be Governed?: Crash Course Futures of AI #5

17/12/2025

The future of AI is maybe beautiful, maybe scary, and definitely uncertain. But we do have a say in how it rolls out. From lab policies to international treaties, people all over the world are trying to figure out how to build and use AI in safe, responsible ways. But when the stakes are so high, can humanity really come together and keep AI under control? Chapter 1: Sam Altman & OpenAI 00:00 Chapter 2: Lab-level AI governance 1:13 Chapter 3: National AI Governance 5:07 Chapter 4: International AI Governance 8:40 Chapter 5: Review & Credits: 10:48 About This Series: AI is changing FAST so rather than doing a full Crash Course series of 12+ episodes, we’ve prepared a mini-series of just the basics. Crash Course will never tell you what to think and we’re not the type of organization that responds to breaking news in real time. Instead, we’re here to offer a zoomed-out foundation upon which to base your own opinions as you continue to learn from other outlets about the world that’s changing around us. Crash Course: Futures of AI will cover: -What even is AI? What’s the history of this thing and how quickly has it evolved to what exists today? -How could AI transform society? Will AI cause the next Industrial Revolution, and what might that mean for workers and the environment? -How powerful could AI become? How do we measure the progression of AI? What are the consequences we’re already seeing, and what might be the future consequences of unchecked AI development? -How might powerful AI cause harm? We’ll touch on copyright infringement, misinformation, surveillance, authoritarianism, and (unfortunately,) more. -How could AI be governed? What are the potential approaches for controlling AI both nationally and internationally? P.S. Wondering if we used AI to create this series? Nope! Every Complexly video is lovingly, painstakingly human-made. *** Support us for $5/month on Patreon to keep Crash Course free for everyone forever! https://www.patreon.com/crashcourse Or support us directly: https://complexly.com/support Join our Crash Course email list to get the latest news and highlights: https://mailchi.mp/crashcourse/email Get our special Crash Course Educators newsletter: http://eepurl.com/iBgMhY Thanks to the following patrons for their generous monthly contributions that help keep Crash Course free for everyone forever: DexcilaDou, Martin G. Diller, Johnathan Williams, Allison Wood, EllenBryn, Katrix , Jason Terpstra, Evan Nelson, Jennifer Wiggins-Lyndall, SpaceRangerWes, Dalton Williams, Chelsea S, Thomas Sully, Matthew Fredericksen, AThirstyPhilosopher ., Michael Maher, Mitch Gresko, Gina Mancuso, Roger Harms, Shruti S, Quinn Harden, Reed Spilmann, Brandon Thomas, Emily Beazley, Rie Ohta, oranjeez, UwU, Elizabeth LaBelle, Leah H., David Fanska, Andrew Woods, Katie Hoban, Kevin Knupp, Barbara Pettersen, Ken Davidian, Stephen Akuffo, Toni Miles, Steve Segreto, Kyle & Katherine Callahan, Laurel Stevens, Tanner Hedrick, Kristina D Knight, Samantha, Krystle Young, Perry Joyce, Scott Harrison, Alan Bridgeman, Breanna Bosso, Matt Curls, Liz Wdow, Jennifer Killen, Duncan W Moore IV, Sarah & Nathan Catchings, team dorsey, Bernardo Garza, Trevin Beattie, Pietro Gagliardi, John Lee, Eric Koslow, Indija-ka Siriwardena, Jason Rostoker, Siobhán, Ken Penttinen, Nathan Taylor, Barrett, Les Aker, ClareG, Rizwan Kassim, Constance Urist, Alex Hackman, Triad Terrace, Katie Dean, Jason Buster, Emily T, Stephen McCandless, Thomas, Joseph Ruf, Wai Jack Sin, Ian Dundore, Erminio Di Lodovico, Evol Hong, Tandy Ratliff, Caleb Weeks, Luke Sluder __ Want to find Crash Course elsewhere on the internet? Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/thecrashcourse/ Facebook - http://www.facebook.com/YouTubeCrashCourse Bluesky - https://bsky.app/profile/thecrashcourse.bsky.social CC Kids: http://www.youtube.com/crashcoursekids

Horror in Latin American literature: Crash Course Latin American Literature #6

11/12/2025

Are you afraid of ghosts? In this episode of Crash Course Latin American Literature, we pull back the curtain on the origins of Latin American horror, winding our way through (literal) ghost towns, haunted inns, and the eerie landscape of the Andes. Prepare to be spooked. Introduction: A Ghost Story 00:00 Ghosts in Latin America 0:37 Pedro Páramo 1:22 The Female Gothic 4:54 Andean Gothic 6:51 The New Boom? 8:25 Review and Credits 9:16 Sources: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1eE7g4-k6PD7C6wNBzeJIO8GCDHpoJl8ldDjKyq_2yYg/edit?tab=t.0 To learn more, check out these videos: Geopolitical history of Latin America: War and Nation Building in Latin America: Crash Course World History 225 https://youtu.be/v6xi8_7Fy6Y?si=paRg7m_G3tMAX4vW , Latin American Revolutions: Crash Course World History #31 https://youtu.be/ZBw35Ze3bg8?si=P4HnEqr1_rEP2YGv Ghosts & Religion: Religion, Spirituality, and the Supernatural: Crash Course Religions #18 https://youtu.be/Y-YbgGYsHig?si=Lkq-vGNfkyuDYe3Y, Confucianism, Buddhism, and Daoism: Chinese Popular Religion https://youtu.be/JJ7fTJb6RHc?si=WmGBwurHb6MRlyJe One Hundred Years of Solitude: 100 Years of Solitude Part 1: Crash Course Literature 306 https://youtu.be/YWNcCs__vQg?si=69kPZVKUib4XnYmK , 100 Years of Solitude Part 2: Crash Course Literature 307 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Hlpv7nKt81A “Facundo”: Latin American Lit 4 https://youtu.be/Nh4I1hMvubU, The Andes Mountains: How do we Classify Climates? Crash Course Geography #13 https://youtu.be/xiGhLGFkJjo?si=_nPvWWfcfIIiaNJ4 *** Support us for $5/month on Patreon to keep Crash Course free for everyone forever! https://www.patreon.com/crashcourse Or support us directly: https://complexly.com/support Join our Crash Course email list to get the latest news and highlights: https://mailchi.mp/crashcourse/email Get our special Crash Course Educators newsletter: http://eepurl.com/iBgMhY Thanks to the following patrons for their generous monthly contributions that help keep Crash Course free for everyone forever: DexcilaDou, Martin G. Diller, Johnathan Williams, Allison Wood, EllenBryn, Katrix , Jason Terpstra, Evan Nelson, Jennifer Wiggins-Lyndall, Dalton Williams, SpaceRangerWes, Chelsea S, Thomas Sully, Matthew Fredericksen, AThirstyPhilosopher ., Michael Maher, Mitch Gresko, Gina Mancuso, Roger Harms, Shruti S, Quinn Harden, Brandon Thomas, Emily Beazley, Rie Ohta, oranjeez, UwU, Elizabeth LaBelle, Leah H., David Fanska, Andrew Woods, Katie Hoban, Kevin Knupp, Barbara Pettersen, Ken Davidian, Stephen Akuffo, Toni Miles, Steve Segreto, Kyle & Katherine Callahan, Laurel Stevens, Tanner Hedrick, Kristina D Knight, Samantha, Krystle Young, Perry Joyce, Scott Harrison, Alan Bridgeman, Breanna Bosso, Matt Curls, Liz Wdow, Jennifer Killen, Duncan W Moore IV, Sarah & Nathan Catchings, Bernardo Garza, team dorsey, Trevin Beattie, Pietro Gagliardi, John Lee, Eric Koslow, Indija-ka Siriwardena, Jason Rostoker, Siobhán, Ken Penttinen, Nathan Taylor, Barrett, Les Aker, ClareG, Rizwan Kassim, Constance Urist, Alex Hackman, Triad Terrace, Katie Dean, Jason Buster, Emily T, Stephen McCandless, Thomas, Joseph Ruf, Wai Jack Sin, Ian Dundore, Erminio Di Lodovico, Evol Hong, Tandy Ratliff, Caleb Weeks, Luke Sluder __ Want to find Crash Course elsewhere on the internet? Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/thecrashcourse/ Facebook - http://www.facebook.com/YouTubeCrashCourse Bluesky - https://bsky.app/profile/thecrashcourse.bsky.social CC Kids: http://www.youtube.com/crashcoursekids

The Alignment Problem Explained: Crash Course Futures of AI #4

10/12/2025

Could a robot dedicated to a good cause end up destroying the world? Well, maybe. In this episode, we explore how powerful AI could end up causing us harm, regardless of what it’s programmed for. Between misuse by humans, alignment problems, and instrumental goals, even AI built with good intentions could end up breaking bad…unless we do something about it. About This Series: AI is changing FAST so rather than doing a full Crash Course series of 12+ episodes, we’ve prepared a mini-series of just the basics. Crash Course will never tell you what to think and we’re not the type of organization that responds to breaking news in real time. Instead, we’re here to offer a zoomed-out foundation upon which to base your own opinions as you continue to learn from other outlets about the world that’s changing around us. Crash Course: Futures of AI will cover: -What even is AI? What’s the history of this thing and how quickly has it evolved to what exists today? -How could AI transform society? Will AI cause the next Industrial Revolution, and what might that mean for workers and the environment? -How powerful could AI become? How do we measure the progression of AI? What are the consequences we’re already seeing, and what might be the future consequences of unchecked AI development? -How might powerful AI cause harm? We’ll touch on copyright infringement, misinformation, surveillance, authoritarianism, and (unfortunately,) more. -How could AI be governed? What are the potential approaches for controlling AI both nationally and internationally? P.S. Wondering if we used AI to create this series? Nope! Every Complexly video is lovingly, painstakingly human-made. Intro 00:00 Chapter 1: How powerful AI systems can be misused 1:46 Chapter 2: Misalignment in advanced AI systems 3:36 Chapter 3: How instrumental goals could lead to rogue AI 6:43 Chapter 4: The case for the precautionary principle 9:30 Conclusion 11:49 Sources: https://docs.google.com/document/d/16br0e73KFVD5qu-VEBV40yQTpBiX0l65EgWQ6Q7Fz-k/edit?usp=sharing *** Support us for $5/month on Patreon to keep Crash Course free for everyone forever! https://www.patreon.com/crashcourse Or support us directly: https://complexly.com/support Join our Crash Course email list to get the latest news and highlights: https://mailchi.mp/crashcourse/email Get our special Crash Course Educators newsletter: http://eepurl.com/iBgMhY Thanks to the following patrons for their generous monthly contributions that help keep Crash Course free for everyone forever: DexcilaDou, Martin G. Diller, Johnathan Williams, Allison Wood, EllenBryn, Katrix , Jason Terpstra, Evan Nelson, Jennifer Wiggins-Lyndall, SpaceRangerWes, Dalton Williams, Chelsea S, Thomas Sully, Matthew Fredericksen, AThirstyPhilosopher ., Michael Maher, Mitch Gresko, Gina Mancuso, Roger Harms, Shruti S, Quinn Harden, Reed Spilmann, Brandon Thomas, Emily Beazley, Rie Ohta, oranjeez, UwU, Elizabeth LaBelle, Leah H., David Fanska, Andrew Woods, Katie Hoban, Kevin Knupp, Barbara Pettersen, Ken Davidian, Stephen Akuffo, Toni Miles, Steve Segreto, Kyle & Katherine Callahan, Laurel Stevens, Tanner Hedrick, Kristina D Knight, Samantha, Krystle Young, Perry Joyce, Scott Harrison, Alan Bridgeman, Breanna Bosso, Matt Curls, Liz Wdow, Jennifer Killen, Duncan W Moore IV, Sarah & Nathan Catchings, team dorsey, Bernardo Garza, Trevin Beattie, Pietro Gagliardi, John Lee, Eric Koslow, Indija-ka Siriwardena, Jason Rostoker, Siobhán, Ken Penttinen, Nathan Taylor, Barrett, Les Aker, ClareG, Rizwan Kassim, Constance Urist, Alex Hackman, Triad Terrace, Katie Dean, Jason Buster, Emily T, Stephen McCandless, Thomas, Joseph Ruf, Wai Jack Sin, Ian Dundore, Erminio Di Lodovico, Evol Hong, Tandy Ratliff, Caleb Weeks, Luke Sluder __ Want to find Crash Course elsewhere on the internet? Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/thecrashcourse/ Facebook - http://www.facebook.com/YouTubeCrashCourse Bluesky - https://bsky.app/profile/thecrashcourse.bsky.social CC Kids: http://www.youtube.com/crashcoursekids

Life under a dictatorship: Crash Course Latin American Literature #5

4/12/2025

How do you honor the memory of something… that you don’t fully remember? In this episode of Crash Course Latin American Literature, we’ll explore how writers who grew up in the shadow of dictatorships, civil war, and armed conflicts wrestle with the memory of violence, and the challenges of memory itself. Introduction: Being a Kid 00:00 Literatura de los Hijos 0:54 "Formas de volver a casa" 1:51 Félix Bruzzone 4:18 "Roza, tumba, quema" 5:57 "La sangre de la aurora" 8:21 Review & Credits 10:47 Sources: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1eE7g4-k6PD7C6wNBzeJIO8GCDHpoJl8ldDjKyq_2yYg/edit?tab=t.0 To learn more, check out these videos: Geopolitical history of Latin America: War and Nation Building in Latin America: Crash Course World History 225 https://youtu.be/v6xi8_7Fy6Y?si=paRg7m_G3tMAX4vW , Latin American Revolutions: Crash Course World History #31 https://youtu.be/ZBw35Ze3bg8?si=P4HnEqr1_rEP2YGv *** Support us for $5/month on Patreon to keep Crash Course free for everyone forever! https://www.patreon.com/crashcourse Or support us directly: https://complexly.com/support Join our Crash Course email list to get the latest news and highlights: https://mailchi.mp/crashcourse/email Get our special Crash Course Educators newsletter: http://eepurl.com/iBgMhY Thanks to the following patrons for their generous monthly contributions that help keep Crash Course free for everyone forever: DexcilaDou, Martin G. Diller, Johnathan Williams, Allison Wood, EllenBryn, Katrix , Jason Terpstra, Evan Nelson, Jennifer Wiggins-Lyndall, Dalton Williams, SpaceRangerWes, Chelsea S, Thomas Sully, Matthew Fredericksen, AThirstyPhilosopher ., Michael Maher, Mitch Gresko, Gina Mancuso, Roger Harms, Shruti S, Quinn Harden, Brandon Thomas, Emily Beazley, Rie Ohta, oranjeez, UwU, Elizabeth LaBelle, Leah H., David Fanska, Andrew Woods, Katie Hoban, Kevin Knupp, Barbara Pettersen, Ken Davidian, Stephen Akuffo, Toni Miles, Steve Segreto, Kyle & Katherine Callahan, Laurel Stevens, Tanner Hedrick, Kristina D Knight, Samantha, Krystle Young, Perry Joyce, Scott Harrison, Alan Bridgeman, Breanna Bosso, Matt Curls, Liz Wdow, Jennifer Killen, Duncan W Moore IV, Sarah & Nathan Catchings, Bernardo Garza, team dorsey, Trevin Beattie, Pietro Gagliardi, John Lee, Eric Koslow, Indija-ka Siriwardena, Jason Rostoker, Siobhán, Ken Penttinen, Nathan Taylor, Barrett, Les Aker, ClareG, Rizwan Kassim, Constance Urist, Alex Hackman, Triad Terrace, Katie Dean, Jason Buster, Emily T, Stephen McCandless, Thomas, Joseph Ruf, Wai Jack Sin, Ian Dundore, Erminio Di Lodovico, Evol Hong, Tandy Ratliff, Caleb Weeks, Luke Sluder __ Want to find Crash Course elsewhere on the internet? Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/thecrashcourse/ Facebook - http://www.facebook.com/YouTubeCrashCourse Bluesky - https://bsky.app/profile/thecrashcourse.bsky.social CC Kids: http://www.youtube.com/crashcoursekids

How close is the worst case scenario?: Crash Course Futures of AI #3

3/12/2025

Way back in the 1930s, Alan Turing gave us a glimpse of the power of computers with a hypothetical machine that, he said, could solve any computable problem. But that was nonsense…right? Well thanks to recursive progress, maybe not. In this episode, we’ll explore how humans (and computers) make progress, and try to find out just how powerful AI could become. About This Series: AI is changing FAST so rather than doing a full Crash Course series of 12+ episodes, we’ve prepared a mini-series of just the basics. Crash Course will never tell you what to think and we’re not the type of organization that responds to breaking news in real time. Instead, we’re here to offer a zoomed-out foundation upon which to base your own opinions as you continue to learn from other outlets about the world that’s changing around us. Crash Course: Futures of AI will cover: -What even is AI? What’s the history of this thing and how quickly has it evolved to what exists today? -How could AI transform society? Will AI cause the next Industrial Revolution, and what might that mean for workers and the environment? -How powerful could AI become? How do we measure the progression of AI? What are the consequences we’re already seeing, and what might be the future consequences of unchecked AI development? -How might powerful AI cause harm? We’ll touch on copyright infringement, misinformation, surveillance, authoritarianism, and (unfortunately,) more. -How could AI be governed? What are the potential approaches for controlling AI both nationally and internationally? P.S. Wondering if we used AI to create this series? Nope! Every Complexly video is lovingly, painstakingly human-made. Intro 00:00 Chapter 1: Progress is recursive 00:57 Chapter 2: Google AlphaEvolve 02:08 Chapter 3: Superintelligence 06:58 Chapter 4: How close are we to superintelligence /actually/? 9:53 Conclusion 11:50 Sources: https://docs.google.com/document/d/16br0e73KFVD5qu-VEBV40yQTpBiX0l65EgWQ6Q7Fz-k/edit?usp=sharing *** Support us for $5/month on Patreon to keep Crash Course free for everyone forever! https://www.patreon.com/crashcourse Or support us directly: https://complexly.com/support Join our Crash Course email list to get the latest news and highlights: https://mailchi.mp/crashcourse/email Get our special Crash Course Educators newsletter: http://eepurl.com/iBgMhY Thanks to the following patrons for their generous monthly contributions that help keep Crash Course free for everyone forever: DexcilaDou, Martin G. Diller, Johnathan Williams, Allison Wood, EllenBryn, Katrix , Jason Terpstra, Evan Nelson, Jennifer Wiggins-Lyndall, Dalton Williams, SpaceRangerWes, Chelsea S, Thomas Sully, Matthew Fredericksen, AThirstyPhilosopher ., Michael Maher, Mitch Gresko, Gina Mancuso, Roger Harms, Shruti S, Quinn Harden, Brandon Thomas, Emily Beazley, Rie Ohta, oranjeez, UwU, Elizabeth LaBelle, Leah H., David Fanska, Andrew Woods, Katie Hoban, Kevin Knupp, Barbara Pettersen, Ken Davidian, Stephen Akuffo, Toni Miles, Steve Segreto, Kyle & Katherine Callahan, Laurel Stevens, Tanner Hedrick, Kristina D Knight, Samantha, Krystle Young, Perry Joyce, Scott Harrison, Alan Bridgeman, Breanna Bosso, Matt Curls, Liz Wdow, Jennifer Killen, Duncan W Moore IV, Sarah & Nathan Catchings, Bernardo Garza, team dorsey, Trevin Beattie, Pietro Gagliardi, John Lee, Eric Koslow, Indija-ka Siriwardena, Jason Rostoker, Siobhán, Ken Penttinen, Nathan Taylor, Barrett, Les Aker, ClareG, Rizwan Kassim, Constance Urist, Alex Hackman, Triad Terrace, Katie Dean, Jason Buster, Emily T, Stephen McCandless, Thomas, Joseph Ruf, Wai Jack Sin, Ian Dundore, Erminio Di Lodovico, Evol Hong, Tandy Ratliff, Caleb Weeks, Luke Sluder __ Want to find Crash Course elsewhere on the internet? Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/thecrashcourse/ Facebook - http://www.facebook.com/YouTubeCrashCourse Bluesky - https://bsky.app/profile/thecrashcourse.bsky.social CC Kids: http://www.youtube.com/crashcoursekids

What Can a Prophecy Tell Us About Climate Change?: Ep 24 of Crash Course Native American History

2/12/2025

What is Traditional Ecological Knowledge? And can it lead a path forward through climate change? In the final episode of Crash Course Native of American History, we’ll explore Native peoples’ expertise on the places they’ve lived for generations—and why it matters today. Introduction: Climate in Alaska 00:00 Traditional Ecological Knowledge 0:36 Controlled Burns 2:45 Effects of Climate Change 4:29 Environmental Justice 5:59 Review & Credits 9:11 Sources: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1g1BpQk_2qXtFeQBffoAT-rrogcKRaA2eNjeRCpmCrJ8/edit?usp=sharing Want to know more about how this series was made? Learn more here: https://docs.google.com/document/d/17yp3u28s40TdjyrJniIf4U9YA8wPtvQ1g1B-HSHQ2Q4/edit?tab=t.0#heading=h.6vtzps565m2 *** Support us for $5/month on Patreon to keep Crash Course free for everyone forever! https://www.patreon.com/crashcourse Or support us directly: https://complexly.com/support Join our Crash Course email list to get the latest news and highlights: https://mailchi.mp/crashcourse/email Get our special Crash Course Educators newsletter: http://eepurl.com/iBgMhY Thanks to the following patrons for their generous monthly contributions that help keep Crash Course free for everyone forever: DexcilaDou, Martin G. Diller, Johnathan Williams, Allison Wood, EllenBryn, Katrix , Jason Terpstra, Evan Nelson, Jennifer Wiggins-Lyndall, Dalton Williams, SpaceRangerWes, Chelsea S, Thomas Sully, Matthew Fredericksen, AThirstyPhilosopher ., Michael Maher, Mitch Gresko, Gina Mancuso, Roger Harms, Shruti S, Quinn Harden, Brandon Thomas, Emily Beazley, Rie Ohta, oranjeez, UwU, Elizabeth LaBelle, Leah H., David Fanska, Andrew Woods, Katie Hoban, Kevin Knupp, Barbara Pettersen, Ken Davidian, Stephen Akuffo, Toni Miles, Steve Segreto, Kyle & Katherine Callahan, Laurel Stevens, Tanner Hedrick, Kristina D Knight, Samantha, Krystle Young, Perry Joyce, Scott Harrison, Alan Bridgeman, Breanna Bosso, Matt Curls, Liz Wdow, Jennifer Killen, Duncan W Moore IV, Sarah & Nathan Catchings, Bernardo Garza, team dorsey, Trevin Beattie, Pietro Gagliardi, John Lee, Eric Koslow, Indija-ka Siriwardena, Jason Rostoker, Siobhán, Ken Penttinen, Nathan Taylor, Barrett, Les Aker, ClareG, Rizwan Kassim, Constance Urist, Alex Hackman, Triad Terrace, Katie Dean, Jason Buster, Emily T, Stephen McCandless, Thomas, Joseph Ruf, Wai Jack Sin, Ian Dundore, Erminio Di Lodovico, Evol Hong, Tandy Ratliff, Caleb Weeks, Luke Sluder __ Want to find Crash Course elsewhere on the internet? Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/thecrashcourse/ Facebook - http://www.facebook.com/YouTubeCrashCourse Bluesky - https://bsky.app/profile/thecrashcourse.bsky.social CC Kids: http://www.youtube.com/crashcoursekids

How is AI impacting society?: Crash Course Futures of AI #2

26/11/2025

AI is taking over…or is it? And what would that look like anyway? The smarter it gets, the better AI will become at doing– basically everything. That could lead us to a bright future, with booming economies and tons of free time for us human beings. But it could also lead us to something a lot darker. In order to prepare for that transition, we have to try and understand what it would really look like. Intro 00:00 How AI could lead to economic growth 2:22 How AI could transform society 4:35 How AI could concentrate wealth and power 7:21 Deepfakes 8:33 How close are we to the AI takeover? 11:04 Conclusion 12:35 Sources: https://docs.google.com/document/d/16br0e73KFVD5qu-VEBV40yQTpBiX0l65EgWQ6Q7Fz-k/edit?usp=sharing *** Support us for $5/month on Patreon to keep Crash Course free for everyone forever! https://www.patreon.com/crashcourse Or support us directly: https://complexly.com/support Join our Crash Course email list to get the latest news and highlights: https://mailchi.mp/crashcourse/email Get our special Crash Course Educators newsletter: http://eepurl.com/iBgMhY Thanks to the following patrons for their generous monthly contributions that help keep Crash Course free for everyone forever: DexcilaDou, Martin G. Diller, Johnathan Williams, Allison Wood, EllenBryn, Katrix , Jason Terpstra, Evan Nelson, Jennifer Wiggins-Lyndall, Dalton Williams, SpaceRangerWes, Chelsea S, Thomas Sully, Matthew Fredericksen, AThirstyPhilosopher ., Michael Maher, Mitch Gresko, Gina Mancuso, Roger Harms, Shruti S, Quinn Harden, Brandon Thomas, Emily Beazley, Rie Ohta, oranjeez, UwU, Elizabeth LaBelle, Leah H., David Fanska, Andrew Woods, Katie Hoban, Kevin Knupp, Barbara Pettersen, Ken Davidian, Stephen Akuffo, Toni Miles, Steve Segreto, Kyle & Katherine Callahan, Laurel Stevens, Tanner Hedrick, Kristina D Knight, Samantha, Krystle Young, Perry Joyce, Scott Harrison, Alan Bridgeman, Breanna Bosso, Matt Curls, Liz Wdow, Jennifer Killen, Duncan W Moore IV, Sarah & Nathan Catchings, Bernardo Garza, team dorsey, Trevin Beattie, Pietro Gagliardi, John Lee, Eric Koslow, Indija-ka Siriwardena, Jason Rostoker, Siobhán, Ken Penttinen, Nathan Taylor, Barrett, Les Aker, ClareG, Rizwan Kassim, Constance Urist, Alex Hackman, Triad Terrace, Katie Dean, Jason Buster, Emily T, Stephen McCandless, Thomas, Joseph Ruf, Wai Jack Sin, Ian Dundore, Erminio Di Lodovico, Evol Hong, Tandy Ratliff, Caleb Weeks, Luke Sluder __ Want to find Crash Course elsewhere on the internet? Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/thecrashcourse/ Facebook - http://www.facebook.com/YouTubeCrashCourse Bluesky - https://bsky.app/profile/thecrashcourse.bsky.social CC Kids: http://www.youtube.com/crashcoursekids

Hollywood, Pretendians, and Cultural Appropriation: Ep 23 of Crash Course Native American History

25/11/2025

Native people have been a part of Hollywood and wider American culture for centuries—but not always in the best ways. In this episode of Crash Course Native American History, we explore cultural appropriation, from redface to pretendians, and everything in between. Introduction: Cowboys and Indians 00:00 Natives in Early Hollywood 0:36 Redface 2:00 Pretendians 3:30 Cultural Appropriation 6:24 Native Representation Today 8:22 Review & Credits 9:44 Sources: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1g1BpQk_2qXtFeQBffoAT-rrogcKRaA2eNjeRCpmCrJ8/edit?usp=sharing Want to know more about how this series was made? Learn more here: https://docs.google.com/document/d/17yp3u28s40TdjyrJniIf4U9YA8wPtvQ1g1B-HSHQ2Q4/edit?tab=t.0#heading=h.6vtzps565m2 *** Support us for $5/month on Patreon to keep Crash Course free for everyone forever! https://www.patreon.com/crashcourse Or support us directly: https://complexly.com/support Join our Crash Course email list to get the latest news and highlights: https://mailchi.mp/crashcourse/email Get our special Crash Course Educators newsletter: http://eepurl.com/iBgMhY Thanks to the following patrons for their generous monthly contributions that help keep Crash Course free for everyone forever: oranjeez, Jason Terpstra, Chelsea S, Alan Bridgeman, Roger Harms, DexcilaDou, Krystle Young, Allison Wood, Stephen Akuffo, Katrix , Gina Mancuso, Shruti S, Martin G. Diller, Matthew Fredericksen, Brandon Thomas, Breanna Bosso, Ken Davidian, UwU, Jennifer Wiggins-Lyndall, Samantha, David Fanska, Kristina D Knight, Andrew Woods, Elizabeth LaBelle, SpaceRangerWes, Matt Curls, Quinn Harden, EllenBryn, Johnathan Williams, Leah H., Laurel Stevens, Steve Segreto, Michael Maher, Liz Wdow, Toni Miles, Perry Joyce, Evan Nelson, Katie Hoban, Mitch Gresko, Kevin Knupp, Kyle & Katherine Callahan, Tanner Hedrick, Emily Beazley, Jack Hart, Rie Ohta, Dalton Williams, Scott Harrison, Barbara Pettersen, AThirstyPhilosopher ., Thomas Sully, Bernardo Garza, Jason Rostoker, Rizwan Kassim, Indija-ka Siriwardena, Emily T, Ian Dundore, Joseph Ruf, Alex Hackman, Thomas, Constance Urist, team dorsey, Stephen McCandless, Triad Terrace, Erminio Di Lodovico, Evol Hong, Luke Sluder, Eric Koslow, Katie Dean, Tandy Ratliff, Jennifer Killen, Jason Buster, Trevin Beattie, Wai Jack Sin, Caleb Weeks, Nathan Taylor, Siobhán, Les Aker, Barrett Nuzum, John Lee, Ken Penttinen, Sarah & Nathan Catchings, Pietro Gagliardi, ClareG, Duncan W Moore IV __ Want to find Crash Course elsewhere on the internet? Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/thecrashcourse/ Facebook - http://www.facebook.com/YouTubeCrashCourse Bluesky - https://bsky.app/profile/thecrashcourse.bsky.social CC Kids: http://www.youtube.com/crashcoursekids

Dictators & Resistance: Crash Course Latin American Literature #4

20/11/2025

Strongmen, tyrants, and dictators have marked Latin America’s history — and literature — for hundreds of years. In this episode of Crash Course Latin American Literature, we dive into some of the novels that have challenged authoritarian governments in real time and in their aftermath. Introduction: The Power of Stories 00:00 Novelas de la Tierra 0:34 "Facundo" 2:16 Novelas del Dictador 4:58 “El Señor Presidente” 6:12 "In the Time of Butterflies" 8:09 Review & Credits 10:50 Sources: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1eE7g4-k6PD7C6wNBzeJIO8GCDHpoJl8ldDjKyq_2yYg/edit?tab=t.0 To learn more, check out these videos: Geopolitical history of Latin America: War and Nation Building in Latin America: Crash Course World History 225 https://youtu.be/v6xi8_7Fy6Y?si=paRg7m_G3tMAX4vW , Latin American Revolutions: Crash Course World History #31 https://youtu.be/ZBw35Ze3bg8?si=P4HnEqr1_rEP2YGv *** Support us for $5/month on Patreon to keep Crash Course free for everyone forever! https://www.patreon.com/crashcourse Or support us directly: https://complexly.com/support Join our Crash Course email list to get the latest news and highlights: https://mailchi.mp/crashcourse/email Get our special Crash Course Educators newsletter: http://eepurl.com/iBgMhY Thanks to the following patrons for their generous monthly contributions that help keep Crash Course free for everyone forever: oranjeez, Jason Terpstra, Chelsea S, Alan Bridgeman, Roger Harms, DexcilaDou, Krystle Young, Allison Wood, Stephen Akuffo, Katrix , Gina Mancuso, Shruti S, Martin G. Diller, Matthew Fredericksen, Brandon Thomas, Breanna Bosso, Ken Davidian, UwU, Jennifer Wiggins-Lyndall, Samantha, David Fanska, Kristina D Knight, Andrew Woods, Elizabeth LaBelle, SpaceRangerWes, Matt Curls, Quinn Harden, EllenBryn, Johnathan Williams, Leah H., Laurel Stevens, Steve Segreto, Michael Maher, Liz Wdow, Toni Miles, Perry Joyce, Evan Nelson, Katie Hoban, Mitch Gresko, Kevin Knupp, Kyle & Katherine Callahan, Tanner Hedrick, Emily Beazley, Jack Hart, Rie Ohta, Dalton Williams, Scott Harrison, Barbara Pettersen, AThirstyPhilosopher ., Thomas Sully, Bernardo Garza, Jason Rostoker, Rizwan Kassim, Indija-ka Siriwardena, Emily T, Ian Dundore, Joseph Ruf, Alex Hackman, Thomas, Constance Urist, team dorsey, Stephen McCandless, Triad Terrace, Erminio Di Lodovico, Evol Hong, Luke Sluder, Eric Koslow, Katie Dean, Tandy Ratliff, Jennifer Killen, Jason Buster, Trevin Beattie, Wai Jack Sin, Caleb Weeks, Nathan Taylor, Siobhán, Les Aker, Barrett Nuzum, John Lee, Ken Penttinen, Sarah & Nathan Catchings, Pietro Gagliardi, ClareG, Duncan W Moore IV __ Want to find Crash Course elsewhere on the internet? Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/thecrashcourse/ Facebook - http://www.facebook.com/YouTubeCrashCourse Bluesky - https://bsky.app/profile/thecrashcourse.bsky.social CC Kids: http://www.youtube.com/crashcoursekids

The History of AI Explained: Crash Course Futures of AI #1

19/11/2025

In 1965, Moore’s Law predicted how computers would become smaller, faster, and more powerful than ever before. But here in 2025, we’re on the brink of an even bigger revolution. In this episode, we explore where AI's been, what it can do, and where it might be going. AI benchmarks and scaling laws help us understand what AI is, and could be, capable of. Introduction 00:00 How did AI get here? 2:21 How do we measure AI progress? 7:47 How can we predict the future of AI? 9:10 Conclusion 11:29 About This Series: AI is changing FAST so rather than doing a full Crash Course series of 12+ episodes, we’ve prepared a mini-series of just the basics. Crash Course will never tell you what to think and we’re not the type of organization that responds to breaking news in real time. Instead, we’re here to offer a zoomed-out foundation upon which to base your own opinions as you continue to learn from other outlets about the world that’s changing around us. Crash Course: Futures of AI will cover: -What even is AI? What’s the history of this thing and how quickly has it evolved to what exists today? -How could AI transform society? Will AI cause the next Industrial Revolution, and what might that mean for workers and the environment? -How powerful could AI become? How do we measure the progression of AI? What are the consequences we’re already seeing, and what might be the future consequences of unchecked AI development? -How might powerful AI cause harm? We’ll touch on copyright infringement, misinformation, surveillance, authoritarianism, and (unfortunately,) more. -How could AI be governed? What are the potential approaches for controlling AI both nationally and internationally? P.S. Wondering if we used AI to create this series? Nope! Every Complexly video is lovingly, painstakingly human-made. Sources: https://docs.google.com/document/d/16br0e73KFVD5qu-VEBV40yQTpBiX0l65EgWQ6Q7Fz-k/edit?usp=sharing *** Support us for $5/month on Patreon to keep Crash Course free for everyone forever! https://www.patreon.com/crashcourse Or support us directly: https://complexly.com/support Join our Crash Course email list to get the latest news and highlights: https://mailchi.mp/crashcourse/email Get our special Crash Course Educators newsletter: http://eepurl.com/iBgMhY Thanks to the following patrons for their generous monthly contributions that help keep Crash Course free for everyone forever: DexcilaDou, Martin G. Diller, Johnathan Williams, Allison Wood, EllenBryn, Katrix , Jason Terpstra, Evan Nelson, Jennifer Wiggins-Lyndall, Dalton Williams, SpaceRangerWes, Chelsea S, Thomas Sully, Matthew Fredericksen, AThirstyPhilosopher ., Michael Maher, Mitch Gresko, Gina Mancuso, Roger Harms, Shruti S, Quinn Harden, Brandon Thomas, Emily Beazley, Rie Ohta, oranjeez, UwU, Elizabeth LaBelle, Leah H., David Fanska, Andrew Woods, Katie Hoban, Kevin Knupp, Barbara Pettersen, Ken Davidian, Stephen Akuffo, Toni Miles, Steve Segreto, Kyle & Katherine Callahan, Laurel Stevens, Tanner Hedrick, Kristina D Knight, Samantha, Krystle Young, Perry Joyce, Scott Harrison, Alan Bridgeman, Breanna Bosso, Matt Curls, Liz Wdow, Jennifer Killen, Duncan W Moore IV, Sarah & Nathan Catchings, Bernardo Garza, team dorsey, Trevin Beattie, Pietro Gagliardi, John Lee, Eric Koslow, Indija-ka Siriwardena, Jason Rostoker, Siobhán, Ken Penttinen, Nathan Taylor, Barrett, Les Aker, ClareG, Rizwan Kassim, Constance Urist, Alex Hackman, Triad Terrace, Katie Dean, Jason Buster, Emily T, Stephen McCandless, Thomas, Joseph Ruf, Wai Jack Sin, Ian Dundore, Erminio Di Lodovico, Evol Hong, Tandy Ratliff, Caleb Weeks, Luke Sluder __ Want to find Crash Course elsewhere on the internet? Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/thecrashcourse/ Facebook - http://www.facebook.com/YouTubeCrashCourse Bluesky - https://bsky.app/profile/thecrashcourse.bsky.social CC Kids: http://www.youtube.com/crashcoursekids

Crash Course Preview: What Are the Possible Futures of AI?

18/11/2025

Welcome to Crash Course: Futures of AI! Our host Kousha Navidar is here to guide you through the ins and outs of our potential AI futures. AI is changing FAST so rather than doing a full Crash Course series of 12+ episodes, we’ve prepared a mini-series of just the basics. Crash Course will never tell you what to think and we’re not the type of organization that responds to breaking news in real time. Instead, we’re here to offer a zoomed-out foundation upon which to base your own opinions as you continue to learn from other outlets about the world that’s changing around us. Crash Course: Futures of AI will cover: -What even is AI? What’s the history of this thing and how quickly has it evolved to what exists today? -How could AI transform society? Will AI cause the next Industrial Revolution, and what might that mean for workers and the environment? -How powerful could AI become? How do we measure the progression of AI? What are the consequences we’re already seeing, and what might be the future consequences of unchecked AI development? -How might powerful AI cause harm? We’ll touch on copyright infringement, misinformation, surveillance, authoritarianism, and (unfortunately,) more. -How could AI be governed? What are the potential approaches for controlling AI both nationally and internationally? P.S. Wondering if we used AI to create this series? Nope! Every Complexly video is lovingly, painstakingly human-made. Sources: https://docs.google.com/document/d/16br0e73KFVD5qu-VEBV40yQTpBiX0l65EgWQ6Q7Fz-k/edit?usp=sharing *** Support us for $5/month on Patreon to keep Crash Course free for everyone forever! https://www.patreon.com/crashcourse Or support us directly: https://complexly.com/support Join our Crash Course email list to get the latest news and highlights: https://mailchi.mp/crashcourse/email Get our special Crash Course Educators newsletter: http://eepurl.com/iBgMhY Thanks to the following patrons for their generous monthly contributions that help keep Crash Course free for everyone forever: oranjeez, Jason Terpstra, Chelsea S, Alan Bridgeman, Roger Harms, DexcilaDou, Krystle Young, Allison Wood, Stephen Akuffo, Katrix , Gina Mancuso, Shruti S, Martin G. Diller, Matthew Fredericksen, Brandon Thomas, Breanna Bosso, Ken Davidian, UwU, Jennifer Wiggins-Lyndall, Samantha, David Fanska, Kristina D Knight, Andrew Woods, Elizabeth LaBelle, SpaceRangerWes, Matt Curls, Quinn Harden, EllenBryn, Johnathan Williams, Leah H., Laurel Stevens, Steve Segreto, Michael Maher, Liz Wdow, Toni Miles, Perry Joyce, Evan Nelson, Katie Hoban, Mitch Gresko, Kevin Knupp, Kyle & Katherine Callahan, Tanner Hedrick, Emily Beazley, Jack Hart, Rie Ohta, Dalton Williams, Scott Harrison, Barbara Pettersen, AThirstyPhilosopher ., Thomas Sully, Bernardo Garza, Jason Rostoker, Rizwan Kassim, Indija-ka Siriwardena, Emily T, Ian Dundore, Joseph Ruf, Alex Hackman, Thomas, Constance Urist, team dorsey, Stephen McCandless, Triad Terrace, Erminio Di Lodovico, Evol Hong, Luke Sluder, Eric Koslow, Katie Dean, Tandy Ratliff, Jennifer Killen, Jason Buster, Trevin Beattie, Wai Jack Sin, Caleb Weeks, Nathan Taylor, Siobhán, Les Aker, Barrett Nuzum, John Lee, Ken Penttinen, Sarah & Nathan Catchings, Pietro Gagliardi, ClareG, Duncan W Moore IV __ Want to find Crash Course elsewhere on the internet? Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/thecrashcourse/ Facebook - http://www.facebook.com/YouTubeCrashCourse Bluesky - https://bsky.app/profile/thecrashcourse.bsky.social CC Kids: http://www.youtube.com/crashcoursekids

Nature in Latin American Literature: Crash Course Latin American Literature #3

13/11/2025

Who is Mother Nature REALLY? In this episode of Crash Course Latin American Literature, we’ll uncover how representations of Latin American landscapes have often reflected shifting social and political concerns. Introduction: Mama Nature 00:00 The Latin American Landscape 0:43 The Landscape of Independence 2:11 "La Vorágine" 3:38 Eco-horror 5:18 Ecopoetry 7:22 Review & Credits 8:37 Sources: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1eE7g4-k6PD7C6wNBzeJIO8GCDHpoJl8ldDjKyq_2yYg/edit?tab=t.0 To learn more, check out these videos: Geopolitical history of Latin America: War and Nation Building in Latin America: Crash Course World History 225 https://youtu.be/v6xi8_7Fy6Y?si=paRg7m_G3tMAX4vW Indigenous relationships to the land: Why Land Matters to Native Americans: Ep 5 of Crash Course Native American History https://youtu.be/L3WcELWzNYg Christopher Columbus: Columbus, Vasco da Gama, and Zheng He - 15th Century Mariners: Crash Course World History #21 https://youtu.be/NjEGncridoQ?si=hzKIJz7J5yy3MoOB Nature in art: The Hidden Meanings in Nature Art: Crash Course Art History #9 https://youtu.be/Z21elmpg-W0?si=t2W2ml2a89DJdwgN *** Support us for $5/month on Patreon to keep Crash Course free for everyone forever! https://www.patreon.com/crashcourse Or support us directly: https://complexly.com/support Join our Crash Course email list to get the latest news and highlights: https://mailchi.mp/crashcourse/email Get our special Crash Course Educators newsletter: http://eepurl.com/iBgMhY Thanks to the following patrons for their generous monthly contributions that help keep Crash Course free for everyone forever: oranjeez, Jason Terpstra, Chelsea S, Alan Bridgeman, Roger Harms, DexcilaDou, Krystle Young, Allison Wood, Stephen Akuffo, Katrix , Gina Mancuso, Shruti S, Martin G. Diller, Matthew Fredericksen, Brandon Thomas, Breanna Bosso, Ken Davidian, UwU, Jennifer Wiggins-Lyndall, Samantha, David Fanska, Kristina D Knight, Andrew Woods, Elizabeth LaBelle, SpaceRangerWes, Matt Curls, Quinn Harden, EllenBryn, Johnathan Williams, Leah H., Laurel Stevens, Steve Segreto, Michael Maher, Liz Wdow, Toni Miles, Perry Joyce, Evan Nelson, Katie Hoban, Mitch Gresko, Kevin Knupp, Kyle & Katherine Callahan, Tanner Hedrick, Emily Beazley, Jack Hart, Rie Ohta, Dalton Williams, Scott Harrison, Barbara Pettersen, AThirstyPhilosopher ., Thomas Sully, Bernardo Garza, Jason Rostoker, Rizwan Kassim, Indija-ka Siriwardena, Emily T, Ian Dundore, Joseph Ruf, Alex Hackman, Thomas, Constance Urist, team dorsey, Stephen McCandless, Triad Terrace, Erminio Di Lodovico, Evol Hong, Luke Sluder, Eric Koslow, Katie Dean, Tandy Ratliff, Jennifer Killen, Jason Buster, Trevin Beattie, Wai Jack Sin, Caleb Weeks, Nathan Taylor, Siobhán, Les Aker, Barrett Nuzum, John Lee, Ken Penttinen, Sarah & Nathan Catchings, Pietro Gagliardi, ClareG, Duncan W Moore IV __ Want to find Crash Course elsewhere on the internet? Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/thecrashcourse/ Facebook - http://www.facebook.com/YouTubeCrashCourse Bluesky - https://bsky.app/profile/thecrashcourse.bsky.social CC Kids: http://www.youtube.com/crashcoursekids

The Land Back Movement Explained: Ep 22 of Crash Course Native American History

11/11/2025

The Land Back movement is exactly what it sounds like: Native Americans want their land … back. But it’s also a whole lot more than that. In this episode of Crash Course Native American History, we explore what the Land Back movement does, how it works, and what it means for our shared future on this planet. Introduction: 1492 Land Back Lane 00:00 Land Back & Land Acknowledgements 0:40 Settler Rent 2:00 The Jemez Pueblo Tribe 3:17 Environmental Impact 4:14 Haudenosaunee Activism 7:04 Review & Credits 9:26 Sources: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1g1BpQk_2qXtFeQBffoAT-rrogcKRaA2eNjeRCpmCrJ8/edit?usp=sharing Want to know more about how this series was made? Learn more here: https://docs.google.com/document/d/17yp3u28s40TdjyrJniIf4U9YA8wPtvQ1g1B-HSHQ2Q4/edit?tab=t.0#heading=h.6vtzps565m2 *** Support us for $5/month on Patreon to keep Crash Course free for everyone forever! https://www.patreon.com/crashcourse Or support us directly: https://complexly.com/support Join our Crash Course email list to get the latest news and highlights: https://mailchi.mp/crashcourse/email Get our special Crash Course Educators newsletter: http://eepurl.com/iBgMhY Thanks to the following patrons for their generous monthly contributions that help keep Crash Course free for everyone forever: oranjeez, Jason Terpstra, Chelsea S, Alan Bridgeman, Roger Harms, DexcilaDou, Krystle Young, Allison Wood, Stephen Akuffo, Katrix , Gina Mancuso, Shruti S, Martin G. Diller, Matthew Fredericksen, Brandon Thomas, Breanna Bosso, Ken Davidian, UwU, Jennifer Wiggins-Lyndall, Samantha, David Fanska, Kristina D Knight, Andrew Woods, Elizabeth LaBelle, SpaceRangerWes, Matt Curls, Quinn Harden, EllenBryn, Johnathan Williams, Leah H., Laurel Stevens, Steve Segreto, Michael Maher, Liz Wdow, Toni Miles, Perry Joyce, Evan Nelson, Katie Hoban, Mitch Gresko, Kevin Knupp, Kyle & Katherine Callahan, Tanner Hedrick, Emily Beazley, Jack Hart, Rie Ohta, Dalton Williams, Scott Harrison, Barbara Pettersen, AThirstyPhilosopher ., Thomas Sully, Bernardo Garza, Jason Rostoker, Rizwan Kassim, Indija-ka Siriwardena, Emily T, Ian Dundore, Joseph Ruf, Alex Hackman, Thomas, Constance Urist, team dorsey, Stephen McCandless, Triad Terrace, Erminio Di Lodovico, Evol Hong, Luke Sluder, Eric Koslow, Katie Dean, Tandy Ratliff, Jennifer Killen, Jason Buster, Trevin Beattie, Wai Jack Sin, Caleb Weeks, Nathan Taylor, Siobhán, Les Aker, Barrett Nuzum, John Lee, Ken Penttinen, Sarah & Nathan Catchings, Pietro Gagliardi, ClareG, Duncan W Moore IV __ Want to find Crash Course elsewhere on the internet? Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/thecrashcourse/ Facebook - http://www.facebook.com/YouTubeCrashCourse Bluesky - https://bsky.app/profile/thecrashcourse.bsky.social CC Kids: http://www.youtube.com/crashcoursekids

Magical Realism & The Latin American Boom: Crash Course Latin American Literature #2

6/11/2025

How did “Latin American literature” come to be? In this episode of Crash Course Latin American Literature, we trace the origins of this region’s stories from the pre-Columbian era all the way to the Boom of the 1960s. Introduction: Stories as History 00:00 Pre-Columbian Literature 0:23 Poetry & Bello 2:34 Bolívar 4:37 The Latin American Boom 6:08 Gabriel García Márquez 8:04 Review & Credits 10:57 Sources: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1eE7g4-k6PD7C6wNBzeJIO8GCDHpoJl8ldDjKyq_2yYg/edit?tab=t.0 To learn more, check out these videos: Christopher Columbus: Columbus, Vasco da Gama, and Zheng He - 15th Century Mariners: Crash Course World History #21 https://youtu.be/NjEGncridoQ?si=hzKIJz7J5yy3MoOB K’iche’ People: Water and Classical Civilizations: Crash Course World History 222 https://youtu.be/rP54LFFSZ1Q?si=6jbF2u3xZyYJS9xy Simón Bolívar: Latin American Revolutions: Crash Course World History #31 https://youtu.be/ZBw35Ze3bg8?si=E9lh1t6OdfOPrEXm One Hundred Years of Solitude: 100 Years of Solitude Part 1: Crash Course Literature 306 https://youtu.be/YWNcCs__vQg?si=69kPZVKUib4XnYmK , 100 Years of Solitude Part 2: Crash Course Literature 307 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Hlpv7nKt81A Formula fields should be configured in the field menu dropdown *** Support us for $5/month on Patreon to keep Crash Course free for everyone forever! https://www.patreon.com/crashcourse Or support us directly: https://complexly.com/support Join our Crash Course email list to get the latest news and highlights: https://mailchi.mp/crashcourse/email Get our special Crash Course Educators newsletter: http://eepurl.com/iBgMhY Thanks to the following patrons for their generous monthly contributions that help keep Crash Course free for everyone forever: oranjeez, Jason Terpstra, Chelsea S, Alan Bridgeman, Roger Harms, DexcilaDou, Krystle Young, Allison Wood, Stephen Akuffo, Katrix , Gina Mancuso, Shruti S, Martin G. Diller, Matthew Fredericksen, Brandon Thomas, Breanna Bosso, Ken Davidian, UwU, Jennifer Wiggins-Lyndall, Samantha, David Fanska, Kristina D Knight, Andrew Woods, Elizabeth LaBelle, SpaceRangerWes, Matt Curls, Quinn Harden, EllenBryn, Johnathan Williams, Leah H., Laurel Stevens, Steve Segreto, Michael Maher, Liz Wdow, Toni Miles, Perry Joyce, Evan Nelson, Katie Hoban, Mitch Gresko, Kevin Knupp, Kyle & Katherine Callahan, Tanner Hedrick, Emily Beazley, Jack Hart, Rie Ohta, Dalton Williams, Scott Harrison, Barbara Pettersen, AThirstyPhilosopher ., Thomas Sully, Bernardo Garza, Jason Rostoker, Rizwan Kassim, Indija-ka Siriwardena, Emily T, Ian Dundore, Joseph Ruf, Alex Hackman, Thomas, Constance Urist, team dorsey, Stephen McCandless, Triad Terrace, Erminio Di Lodovico, Evol Hong, Luke Sluder, Eric Koslow, Katie Dean, Tandy Ratliff, Jennifer Killen, Jason Buster, Trevin Beattie, Wai Jack Sin, Caleb Weeks, Nathan Taylor, Siobhán, Les Aker, Barrett Nuzum, John Lee, Ken Penttinen, Sarah & Nathan Catchings, Pietro Gagliardi, ClareG, Duncan W Moore IV __ Want to find Crash Course elsewhere on the internet? Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/thecrashcourse/ Facebook - http://www.facebook.com/YouTubeCrashCourse Bluesky - https://bsky.app/profile/thecrashcourse.bsky.social CC Kids: http://www.youtube.com/crashcoursekids

Native Languages & The Indian Education Act: Ep 21 of Crash Course Native American History

4/11/2025

It’s time to save Native languages—before it’s too late. In this episode of Crash Course Native American History, we dig into the ways Native languages were destroyed and the resilient ways tribes are bringing them back to life. Introduction: "Never Alone" 00:00 The State of Native Language 0:35 Revealing Native Culture 1:40 Colonization & Boarding Schools 3:42 Language Revitalization 7:00 Review & Credits 9:04 Sources: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1g1BpQk_2qXtFeQBffoAT-rrogcKRaA2eNjeRCpmCrJ8/edit?usp=sharing Want to know more about how this series was made? Learn more here: https://docs.google.com/document/d/17yp3u28s40TdjyrJniIf4U9YA8wPtvQ1g1B-HSHQ2Q4/edit?tab=t.0#heading=h.6vtzps565m2 *** Support us for $5/month on Patreon to keep Crash Course free for everyone forever! https://www.patreon.com/crashcourse Or support us directly: https://complexly.com/support Join our Crash Course email list to get the latest news and highlights: https://mailchi.mp/crashcourse/email Get our special Crash Course Educators newsletter: http://eepurl.com/iBgMhY Thanks to the following patrons for their generous monthly contributions that help keep Crash Course free for everyone forever: oranjeez, Jason Terpstra, Chelsea S, Alan Bridgeman, Roger Harms, DexcilaDou, Krystle Young, Allison Wood, Stephen Akuffo, Katrix , Gina Mancuso, Shruti S, Martin G. Diller, Matthew Fredericksen, Brandon Thomas, Breanna Bosso, Ken Davidian, UwU, Jennifer Wiggins-Lyndall, Samantha, David Fanska, Kristina D Knight, Andrew Woods, Elizabeth LaBelle, SpaceRangerWes, Matt Curls, Quinn Harden, EllenBryn, Johnathan Williams, Leah H., Laurel Stevens, Steve Segreto, Michael Maher, Liz Wdow, Toni Miles, Perry Joyce, Evan Nelson, Katie Hoban, Mitch Gresko, Kevin Knupp, Kyle & Katherine Callahan, Tanner Hedrick, Emily Beazley, Jack Hart, Rie Ohta, Dalton Williams, Scott Harrison, Barbara Pettersen, AThirstyPhilosopher ., Thomas Sully, Bernardo Garza, Jason Rostoker, Rizwan Kassim, Indija-ka Siriwardena, Emily T, Ian Dundore, Joseph Ruf, Alex Hackman, Thomas, Constance Urist, team dorsey, Stephen McCandless, Triad Terrace, Erminio Di Lodovico, Evol Hong, Luke Sluder, Eric Koslow, Katie Dean, Tandy Ratliff, Jennifer Killen, Jason Buster, Trevin Beattie, Wai Jack Sin, Caleb Weeks, Nathan Taylor, Siobhán, Les Aker, Barrett Nuzum, John Lee, Ken Penttinen, Sarah & Nathan Catchings, Pietro Gagliardi, ClareG, Duncan W Moore IV __ Want to find Crash Course elsewhere on the internet? Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/thecrashcourse/ Facebook - http://www.facebook.com/YouTubeCrashCourse Bluesky - https://bsky.app/profile/thecrashcourse.bsky.social CC Kids: http://www.youtube.com/crashcoursekids

Introduction to Latin American Literature: Crash Course Latin American Literature #1

30/10/2025

Latin America is a vastly diverse region shaped by a blend of influences. In this episode of Crash Course Latin American Literature, we’ll explore how Latin American authors navigate one big question: Who are we? Introduction: Where is Latin America? 00:00 The History of "Latin America" 0:53 Latino vs. Hispanic 2:41 Varying Identities & Languages 3:28 Paz & Identity 5:05 "Terra Nostra" 7:30 Borges & Andrade 9:17 Review & Credits 11:09 Sources: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1eE7g4-k6PD7C6wNBzeJIO8GCDHpoJl8ldDjKyq_2yYg/edit?tab=t.0 To learn more, check out these videos: Geopolitical history of Latin America: Latin American Revolutions: Crash Course World History #31 https://youtu.be/ZBw35Ze3bg8?si=8z_ra4m4cXUMnLdT , War and Nation Building in Latin America: Crash Course World History 225 https://youtu.be/v6xi8_7Fy6Y?si=uDevoPt88Q6wBBXB Imperialism: Columbus, Vasco da Gama, and Zheng He - 15th Century Mariners: Crash Course World History #21 https://youtu.be/NjEGncridoQ?si=hzKIJz7J5yy3MoOB , The Spanish Empire, Silver, & Runaway Inflation: Crash Course World History #25 https://youtu.be/rjhIzemLdos?si=EDypIu1uOW0nQZuW , Imperialism: Crash Course World History #35 https://youtu.be/alJaltUmrGo?si=PhOQlrhHDnndZndM Check out our CC Latin America Extra Curricular Playlist here: https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PL8dPuuaLjXtPTzMxnHVWhrV8dUZM0qL34&si=To8-VCKQv51bH9dP *** Support us for $5/month on Patreon to keep Crash Course free for everyone forever! https://www.patreon.com/crashcourse Or support us directly: https://complexly.com/support Join our Crash Course email list to get the latest news and highlights: https://mailchi.mp/crashcourse/email Get our special Crash Course Educators newsletter: http://eepurl.com/iBgMhY Thanks to the following patrons for their generous monthly contributions that help keep Crash Course free for everyone forever: oranjeez, Jason Terpstra, Chelsea S, Alan Bridgeman, Roger Harms, DexcilaDou, Krystle Young, Allison Wood, Stephen Akuffo, Katrix , Gina Mancuso, Shruti S, Martin G. Diller, Matthew Fredericksen, Brandon Thomas, Breanna Bosso, Ken Davidian, UwU, Jennifer Wiggins-Lyndall, Samantha, David Fanska, Kristina D Knight, Andrew Woods, Elizabeth LaBelle, SpaceRangerWes, Matt Curls, Quinn Harden, EllenBryn, Johnathan Williams, Leah H., Laurel Stevens, Steve Segreto, Michael Maher, Liz Wdow, Toni Miles, Perry Joyce, Evan Nelson, Katie Hoban, Mitch Gresko, Kevin Knupp, Kyle & Katherine Callahan, Tanner Hedrick, Emily Beazley, Jack Hart, Rie Ohta, Dalton Williams, Scott Harrison, Barbara Pettersen, AThirstyPhilosopher ., Thomas Sully, Bernardo Garza, Jason Rostoker, Rizwan Kassim, Indija-ka Siriwardena, Emily T, Ian Dundore, Joseph Ruf, Alex Hackman, Thomas, Constance Urist, team dorsey, Stephen McCandless, Triad Terrace, Erminio Di Lodovico, Evol Hong, Luke Sluder, Eric Koslow, Katie Dean, Tandy Ratliff, Jennifer Killen, Jason Buster, Trevin Beattie, Wai Jack Sin, Caleb Weeks, Nathan Taylor, Siobhán, Les Aker, Barrett Nuzum, John Lee, Ken Penttinen, Sarah & Nathan Catchings, Pietro Gagliardi, ClareG, Duncan W Moore IV __ Want to find Crash Course elsewhere on the internet? Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/thecrashcourse/ Facebook - http://www.facebook.com/YouTubeCrashCourse Bluesky - https://bsky.app/profile/thecrashcourse.bsky.social CC Kids: http://www.youtube.com/crashcoursekids

Crash Course Latin American Literature Preview

23/10/2025

Welcome to Crash Course Latin American Literature! In 13 episodes, Curly Velasquez will introduce you to the themes, trends, and movements that have breathed life into Latin American literature for centuries. From Indigenous texts to contemporary novels, we’ll explore how Latin American authors have been shaped by the dynamic cultures, history, and politics around them. Course Description In 13 episodes, host Curly Velasquez will introduce you to Latin American Literature! This course is based on sources and topics explored in AP and college-level surveys. By the end of this series, you will be able to: Trace major trends and tropes in Latin American literature across genres Engage with diverse case studies through a transnational and historical lens Identify major periods of Latin American literary history and the debates they raise Think critically about the interconnectedness of history, politics, culture, and literature Become familiar with prominent, canonical works and marginalized voices in Latin American literature *** Support us for $5/month on Patreon to keep Crash Course free for everyone forever! https://www.patreon.com/crashcourse Or support us directly: https://complexly.com/support Join our Crash Course email list to get the latest news and highlights: https://mailchi.mp/crashcourse/email Get our special Crash Course Educators newsletter: http://eepurl.com/iBgMhY Thanks to the following patrons for their generous monthly contributions that help keep Crash Course free for everyone forever: oranjeez, Jason Terpstra, Chelsea S, Alan Bridgeman, Roger Harms, DexcilaDou, Krystle Young, Allison Wood, Stephen Akuffo, Katrix , Gina Mancuso, Shruti S, Martin G. Diller, Matthew Fredericksen, Brandon Thomas, Breanna Bosso, Ken Davidian, UwU, Jennifer Wiggins-Lyndall, Samantha, David Fanska, Kristina D Knight, Andrew Woods, Elizabeth LaBelle, SpaceRangerWes, Matt Curls, Quinn Harden, EllenBryn, Johnathan Williams, Leah H., Laurel Stevens, Steve Segreto, Michael Maher, Liz Wdow, Toni Miles, Perry Joyce, Evan Nelson, Katie Hoban, Mitch Gresko, Kevin Knupp, Kyle & Katherine Callahan, Tanner Hedrick, Emily Beazley, Jack Hart, Rie Ohta, Dalton Williams, Scott Harrison, Barbara Pettersen, AThirstyPhilosopher ., Thomas Sully, Bernardo Garza, Jason Rostoker, Rizwan Kassim, Indija-ka Siriwardena, Emily T, Ian Dundore, Joseph Ruf, Alex Hackman, Thomas, Constance Urist, team dorsey, Stephen McCandless, Triad Terrace, Erminio Di Lodovico, Evol Hong, Luke Sluder, Eric Koslow, Katie Dean, Tandy Ratliff, Jennifer Killen, Jason Buster, Trevin Beattie, Wai Jack Sin, Caleb Weeks, Nathan Taylor, Siobhán, Les Aker, Barrett Nuzum, John Lee, Ken Penttinen, Sarah & Nathan Catchings, Pietro Gagliardi, ClareG, Duncan W Moore IV __ Want to find Crash Course elsewhere on the internet? Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/thecrashcourse/ Facebook - http://www.facebook.com/YouTubeCrashCourse Bluesky - https://bsky.app/profile/thecrashcourse.bsky.social CC Kids: http://www.youtube.com/crashcoursekids

Modern Tribal Governments Explained: Ep 20 of Crash Course Native American History

21/10/2025

How do tribal governments actually work? In this episode of Crash Course Native American History, we’ll explore how tribal governments have kept many of their qualities as sovereign, independent nations while adapting to operate in the 21st century. Introduction: Natives vs. Noem 00:00 Tribal Governments 0:40 The Indian Reorganization Act 1:57 Tribal Government Structure 3:53 Responsibilities of Tribal Government 5:35 The Dakota Access Pipeline 7:34 Tribal Sovereignty Today 8:34 Review & Credits 9:42 Sources: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1g1BpQk_2qXtFeQBffoAT-rrogcKRaA2eNjeRCpmCrJ8/edit?usp=sharing Want to know more about how this series was made? Learn more here: https://docs.google.com/document/d/17yp3u28s40TdjyrJniIf4U9YA8wPtvQ1g1B-HSHQ2Q4/edit?tab=t.0#heading=h.6vtzps565m2 *** Support us for $5/month on Patreon to keep Crash Course free for everyone forever! https://www.patreon.com/crashcourse Or support us directly: https://complexly.com/support Join our Crash Course email list to get the latest news and highlights: https://mailchi.mp/crashcourse/email Get our special Crash Course Educators newsletter: http://eepurl.com/iBgMhY Thanks to the following patrons for their generous monthly contributions that help keep Crash Course free for everyone forever: oranjeez, Jason Terpstra, Chelsea S, Alan Bridgeman, Roger Harms, DexcilaDou, Krystle Young, Allison Wood, Stephen Akuffo, Katrix , Gina Mancuso, Shruti S, Martin G. Diller, Matthew Fredericksen, Brandon Thomas, Breanna Bosso, Ken Davidian, UwU, Jennifer Wiggins-Lyndall, Samantha, David Fanska, Kristina D Knight, Andrew Woods, Elizabeth LaBelle, SpaceRangerWes, Matt Curls, Quinn Harden, EllenBryn, Johnathan Williams, Leah H., Laurel Stevens, Steve Segreto, Michael Maher, Liz Wdow, Toni Miles, Perry Joyce, Evan Nelson, Katie Hoban, Mitch Gresko, Kevin Knupp, Kyle & Katherine Callahan, Tanner Hedrick, Emily Beazley, Jack Hart, Rie Ohta, Dalton Williams, Scott Harrison, Barbara Pettersen, AThirstyPhilosopher ., Thomas Sully, Bernardo Garza, Jason Rostoker, Rizwan Kassim, Indija-ka Siriwardena, Emily T, Ian Dundore, Joseph Ruf, Alex Hackman, Thomas, Constance Urist, team dorsey, Stephen McCandless, Triad Terrace, Erminio Di Lodovico, Evol Hong, Luke Sluder, Eric Koslow, Katie Dean, Tandy Ratliff, Jennifer Killen, Jason Buster, Trevin Beattie, Wai Jack Sin, Caleb Weeks, Nathan Taylor, Siobhán, Les Aker, Barrett Nuzum, John Lee, Ken Penttinen, Sarah & Nathan Catchings, Pietro Gagliardi, ClareG, Duncan W Moore IV __ Want to find Crash Course elsewhere on the internet? Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/thecrashcourse/ Facebook - http://www.facebook.com/YouTubeCrashCourse Bluesky - https://bsky.app/profile/thecrashcourse.bsky.social CC Kids: http://www.youtube.com/crashcoursekids

A History of Indigenous Women with Lily Gladstone: Ep 19 of Crash Course Native American History

14/10/2025

Women have always played important roles in Native societies. In this episode of Crash Course Native American History, Lily Gladstone helps us unpack the ways Native women have shown up, as war heroes and peacemakers, and as matriarchs and activists. Introduction: Divine Women 00:00 Matriarchal Societies 0:37 Native Women at War 2:01 Jikonsaseh 3:05 Ideas about Gender 4:48 Effects of Colonization 5:53 Violence Against Women Today 8:08 Native Activism 9:24 Review & Credits 12:42 Special thanks to "100 Years: One Woman's Fight for Justice" for use of their footage of Elouise Cobell / https://www.videoproject.org/100-Years.html Sources: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1g1BpQk_2qXtFeQBffoAT-rrogcKRaA2eNjeRCpmCrJ8/edit?usp=sharing Want to know more about how this series was made? Learn more here: https://docs.google.com/document/d/17yp3u28s40TdjyrJniIf4U9YA8wPtvQ1g1B-HSHQ2Q4/edit?tab=t.0#heading=h.6vtzps565m2 *** Support us for $5/month on Patreon to keep Crash Course free for everyone forever! https://www.patreon.com/crashcourse Or support us directly: https://complexly.com/support Join our Crash Course email list to get the latest news and highlights: https://mailchi.mp/crashcourse/email Get our special Crash Course Educators newsletter: http://eepurl.com/iBgMhY Thanks to the following patrons for their generous monthly contributions that help keep Crash Course free for everyone forever: DexcilaDou, David Fanska, AThirstyPhilosopher ., Emily Beazley, Emily T, Elizabeth LaBelle, Breanna Bosso, Chelsea S, Barbara Pettersen, Jennifer Killen, Andrew Woods, Joseph Ruf, Indija-ka Siriwardena, Brandon Thomas, Bernardo Garza, Allison Wood, Jason Rostoker, Constance Urist, EllenBryn, Caleb Weeks, Evol Hong, Dalton Williams, Alex Hackman, Johnathan Williams, John Lee, Ian Dundore, Gina Mancuso, Erminio Di Lodovico, Jennifer Wiggins-Lyndall, Eric Koslow, Jack Hart, Barrett Nuzum, Jason Terpstra, Evan Nelson, Jason Buster, Alan Bridgeman, Duncan W Moore IV, ClareG, Katie Hoban, Mitch Gresko, Shruti S, Kevin Knupp, Katrix , Pietro Gagliardi, Stephen Akuffo, Les Aker, Krystle Young, Laurel Stevens, Tandy Ratliff, Roger Harms, Ken Penttinen, Martin G. Diller, Liz Wdow, SpaceRangerWes, Katie Dean, Kyle & Katherine Callahan, Rie Ohta, oranjeez, Quinn Harden, Michael Maher, Leah H., Ken Davidian, Steve Segreto, Matt Curls, Luke Sluder, Samantha, Stephen McCandless, Scott Harrison, Siobhán, Sarah & Nathan Catchings, Perry Joyce, Nathan Taylor, Matthew Fredericksen, Kristina D Knight, Rizwan Kassim, Reed Spilmann, Tanner Hedrick, Toni Miles, Thomas Sully, team dorsey, Thomas, Wai Jack Sin, Trevin Beattie, Triad Terrace, UwU __ Want to find Crash Course elsewhere on the internet? Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/thecrashcourse/ Facebook - http://www.facebook.com/YouTubeCrashCourse Bluesky - https://bsky.app/profile/thecrashcourse.bsky.social CC Kids: http://www.youtube.com/crashcoursekids

The History of Alaskan and Hawaiian Statehood: Ep 18 of Crash Course Native American History

7/10/2025

Alaska and Hawai'i didn’t become U.S. states until 1959—so what did that mean for the Native people who were living there first? In this episode of Crash Course Native American History, we’ll learn how Alaska Natives’ and Native Hawaiians’ history with the U.S. has taken its own distinct course. Introduction: Something Weird 00:00 Alaska Natives 0:51 Alaskan Colonization 1:49 Alaskan Statehood 3:48 The Kanaka Maoli 6:02 Hawaiian Colonization 7:06 Hawaiian Statehood 8:37 Review & Credits 10:30 Sources: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1g1BpQk_2qXtFeQBffoAT-rrogcKRaA2eNjeRCpmCrJ8/edit?usp=sharing Want to know more about how this series was made? Learn more here: https://docs.google.com/document/d/17yp3u28s40TdjyrJniIf4U9YA8wPtvQ1g1B-HSHQ2Q4/edit?tab=t.0#heading=h.6vtzps565m2 *** Support us for $5/month on Patreon to keep Crash Course free for everyone forever! https://www.patreon.com/crashcourse Or support us directly: https://complexly.com/support Join our Crash Course email list to get the latest news and highlights: https://mailchi.mp/crashcourse/email Get our special Crash Course Educators newsletter: http://eepurl.com/iBgMhY Thanks to the following patrons for their generous monthly contributions that help keep Crash Course free for everyone forever: DexcilaDou, David Fanska, AThirstyPhilosopher ., Emily Beazley, Emily T, Elizabeth LaBelle, Breanna Bosso, Chelsea S, Barbara Pettersen, Jennifer Killen, Andrew Woods, Joseph Ruf, Indija-ka Siriwardena, Brandon Thomas, Bernardo Garza, Allison Wood, Jason Rostoker, Constance Urist, EllenBryn, Caleb Weeks, Evol Hong, Dalton Williams, Alex Hackman, Johnathan Williams, John Lee, Ian Dundore, Gina Mancuso, Erminio Di Lodovico, Jennifer Wiggins-Lyndall, Eric Koslow, Jack Hart, Barrett Nuzum, Jason Terpstra, Evan Nelson, Jason Buster, Alan Bridgeman, Duncan W Moore IV, ClareG, Katie Hoban, Mitch Gresko, Shruti S, Kevin Knupp, Katrix , Pietro Gagliardi, Stephen Akuffo, Les Aker, Krystle Young, Laurel Stevens, Tandy Ratliff, Roger Harms, Ken Penttinen, Martin G. Diller, Liz Wdow, SpaceRangerWes, Katie Dean, Kyle & Katherine Callahan, Rie Ohta, oranjeez, Quinn Harden, Michael Maher, Leah H., Ken Davidian, Steve Segreto, Matt Curls, Luke Sluder, Samantha, Stephen McCandless, Scott Harrison, Siobhán, Sarah & Nathan Catchings, Perry Joyce, Nathan Taylor, Matthew Fredericksen, Kristina D Knight, Rizwan Kassim, Reed Spilmann, Tanner Hedrick, Toni Miles, Thomas Sully, team dorsey, Thomas, Wai Jack Sin, Trevin Beattie, Triad Terrace, UwU __ Want to find Crash Course elsewhere on the internet? Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/thecrashcourse/ Facebook - http://www.facebook.com/YouTubeCrashCourse Bluesky - https://bsky.app/profile/thecrashcourse.bsky.social CC Kids: http://www.youtube.com/crashcoursekids

The Era of Native Urban Relocation: Ep 17 of Crash Course Native American History

30/09/2025

What is life like for Natives living in cities, and how did they get there? In this episode of Crash Course Native American History, we’ll learn about the unique challenges for Natives in urban areas—and their important contributions to their communities. Introduction: Mohawk Ironworkers 00:00 Relocation & Termination 0:32 Relocation Policies 1:07 Counting Natives in Cities 3:37 Pan-Indianism 6:59 Effects of Pan-Indianism 8:34 Review & Credits 10:12 Sources: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1g1BpQk_2qXtFeQBffoAT-rrogcKRaA2eNjeRCpmCrJ8/edit?usp=sharing Want to know more about how this series was made? Learn more here: https://docs.google.com/document/d/17yp3u28s40TdjyrJniIf4U9YA8wPtvQ1g1B-HSHQ2Q4/edit?tab=t.0#heading=h.6vtzps565m2 *** Support us for $5/month on Patreon to keep Crash Course free for everyone forever! https://www.patreon.com/crashcourse Or support us directly: https://complexly.com/support Join our Crash Course email list to get the latest news and highlights: https://mailchi.mp/crashcourse/email Get our special Crash Course Educators newsletter: http://eepurl.com/iBgMhY Thanks to the following patrons for their generous monthly contributions that help keep Crash Course free for everyone forever: EllenBryn, Johnathan Williams, Brandon Thomas, Jennifer Wiggins-Lyndall, Barbara Pettersen, Emily Beazley, Rie Ohta, Evan Nelson, Elizabeth LaBelle, Dalton Williams, Chelsea S, Allison Wood, UwU, oranjeez, Leah H., David Fanska, SpaceRangerWes, Katie Hoban, Roger Harms, Andrew Woods, Gina Mancuso, Michael Maher, Jason Terpstra, AThirstyPhilosopher ., Mitch Gresko, Reed Spilmann, Quinn Harden, Shruti S, DexcilaDou, Thomas Sully, Matthew Fredericksen, Jack Hart, Kevin Knupp, Katrix , Toni Miles, Thomas, Kyle & Katherine Callahan, Siobhán, Alan Bridgeman, team dorsey, Emily T, Triad Terrace, Jason Buster, Jennifer Killen, Wai Jack Sin, Les Aker, John Lee, Joseph Ruf, Laurel Stevens, Katie Dean, Nathan Taylor, Steve Segreto, Stephen McCandless, Alex Hackman, Ken Penttinen, Matt Curls, Sarah & Nathan Catchings, Krystle Young, Constance Urist, Eric Koslow, Scott Harrison, ClareG, Samantha, Ian Dundore, Kristina D Knight, Ken Davidian, Perry Joyce, Jason Rostoker, Bernardo Garza, Indija-ka Siriwardena, Trevin Beattie, Liz Wdow, Pietro Gagliardi, Barrett Nuzum, Rizwan Kassim, Stephen Akuffo, Duncan W Moore IV, Breanna Bosso, Tanner Hedrick, Caleb Weeks, Evol Hong, Tandy Ratliff, Erminio Di Lodovico, Luke Sluder __ Want to find Crash Course elsewhere on the internet? Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/thecrashcourse/ Facebook - http://www.facebook.com/YouTubeCrashCourse Bluesky - https://bsky.app/profile/thecrashcourse.bsky.social CC Kids: http://www.youtube.com/crashcoursekids

Introduction to Federal Indian Law: Ep 16 of Crash Course Native American History

23/09/2025

What does federal Indian law look like today? In this episode of Crash Course Native American History, we’ll learn how this sprawling, complicated body of law affects individual people, tribes, and their communities in the 21st century. Introduction: A Tangled Mess 00:00 Federal Indian Law 0:25 Individual Level 2:23 Missing & Murdered Indigenous Women 3:25 Community 4:48 Trust Responsibility 6:04 Land Level 8:02 Review & Credits 9:34 Sources: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1g1BpQk_2qXtFeQBffoAT-rrogcKRaA2eNjeRCpmCrJ8/edit?usp=sharing Want to know more about how this series was made? Learn more here: https://docs.google.com/document/d/17yp3u28s40TdjyrJniIf4U9YA8wPtvQ1g1B-HSHQ2Q4/edit?tab=t.0#heading=h.6vtzps565m2 *** Support us for $5/month on Patreon to keep Crash Course free for everyone forever! https://www.patreon.com/crashcourse Or support us directly: https://complexly.com/support Join our Crash Course email list to get the latest news and highlights: https://mailchi.mp/crashcourse/email Get our special Crash Course Educators newsletter: http://eepurl.com/iBgMhY Thanks to the following patrons for their generous monthly contributions that help keep Crash Course free for everyone forever: EllenBryn, Johnathan Williams, Brandon Thomas, Jennifer Wiggins-Lyndall, Barbara Pettersen, Emily Beazley, Rie Ohta, Evan Nelson, Elizabeth LaBelle, Dalton Williams, Chelsea S, Allison Wood, UwU, oranjeez, Leah H., David Fanska, SpaceRangerWes, Katie Hoban, Roger Harms, Andrew Woods, Gina Mancuso, Michael Maher, Jason Terpstra, AThirstyPhilosopher ., Mitch Gresko, Reed Spilmann, Quinn Harden, Shruti S, DexcilaDou, Thomas Sully, Matthew Fredericksen, Jack Hart, Kevin Knupp, Katrix , Toni Miles, Thomas, Kyle & Katherine Callahan, Siobhán, Alan Bridgeman, team dorsey, Emily T, Triad Terrace, Jason Buster, Jennifer Killen, Wai Jack Sin, Les Aker, John Lee, Joseph Ruf, Laurel Stevens, Katie Dean, Nathan Taylor, Steve Segreto, Stephen McCandless, Alex Hackman, Ken Penttinen, Matt Curls, Sarah & Nathan Catchings, Krystle Young, Constance Urist, Eric Koslow, Scott Harrison, ClareG, Samantha, Ian Dundore, Kristina D Knight, Ken Davidian, Perry Joyce, Jason Rostoker, Bernardo Garza, Indija-ka Siriwardena, Trevin Beattie, Liz Wdow, Pietro Gagliardi, Barrett Nuzum, Rizwan Kassim, Stephen Akuffo, Duncan W Moore IV, Breanna Bosso, Tanner Hedrick, Caleb Weeks, Evol Hong, Tandy Ratliff, Erminio Di Lodovico, Luke Sluder __ Want to find Crash Course elsewhere on the internet? Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/thecrashcourse/ Facebook - http://www.facebook.com/YouTubeCrashCourse Bluesky - https://bsky.app/profile/thecrashcourse.bsky.social CC Kids: http://www.youtube.com/crashcoursekids

The Secret Language of Cults: Crash Course Lecture

16/09/2025

Words hold tremendous power. Cult leaders know that all too well — but so do fitness instructors, celebrities, and corporate leaders. In our world today, we are increasingly exposed to, and influenced by, complicated mazes of buzzwords, mantras, euphemisms, clichés, and redefinitions: in short, language that’s just a little bit cultish. Social commentator and author Amanda Montell presents this Crash Course lecture about linguistics, culture, and belonging. What’s a Crash Course Lecture? While traditional Crash Courses on our channel break open an entire school subject, a Crash Course lecture tackles a single topic in-depth. Each lecture shares the perspective of a scholar, journalist, or thinker. Introduction: A Story of Words 00:00 Cult-ish 1:22 Children of Synanon 3:33 The Cultish Past 7:22 The Cultish Present 12:55 Incantations 19:00 Eyes Wide Open 26:10 Under the Illusion 32:19 Exit Strategy 37:14 The Prestige 41:11 Sources: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1xym1NqBi3DhRNwag0kmvtz3Cry4pMpRe8mAOJLSFY8M/edit?tab=t.0 *** Support us for $5/month on Patreon to keep Crash Course free for everyone forever! https://www.patreon.com/crashcourse Or support us directly: https://complexly.com/support Join our Crash Course email list to get the latest news and highlights: https://mailchi.mp/crashcourse/email Get our special Crash Course Educators newsletter: http://eepurl.com/iBgMhY Thanks to the following patrons for their generous monthly contributions that help keep Crash Course free for everyone forever: EllenBryn, Johnathan Williams, Brandon Thomas, Jennifer Wiggins-Lyndall, Barbara Pettersen, Emily Beazley, Rie Ohta, Evan Nelson, Elizabeth LaBelle, Dalton Williams, Chelsea S, Allison Wood, UwU, oranjeez, Leah H., David Fanska, SpaceRangerWes, Katie Hoban, Roger Harms, Andrew Woods, Gina Mancuso, Michael Maher, Jason Terpstra, AThirstyPhilosopher ., Mitch Gresko, Reed Spilmann, Quinn Harden, Shruti S, DexcilaDou, Thomas Sully, Matthew Fredericksen, Jack Hart, Kevin Knupp, Katrix , Toni Miles, Thomas, Kyle & Katherine Callahan, Siobhán, Alan Bridgeman, team dorsey, Emily T, Triad Terrace, Jason Buster, Jennifer Killen, Wai Jack Sin, Les Aker, John Lee, Joseph Ruf, Laurel Stevens, Katie Dean, Nathan Taylor, Steve Segreto, Stephen McCandless, Alex Hackman, Ken Penttinen, Matt Curls, Sarah & Nathan Catchings, Krystle Young, Constance Urist, Eric Koslow, Scott Harrison, ClareG, Samantha, Ian Dundore, Kristina D Knight, Ken Davidian, Perry Joyce, Jason Rostoker, Bernardo Garza, Indija-ka Siriwardena, Trevin Beattie, Liz Wdow, Pietro Gagliardi, Barrett Nuzum, Rizwan Kassim, Stephen Akuffo, Duncan W Moore IV, Breanna Bosso, Tanner Hedrick, Caleb Weeks, Evol Hong, Tandy Ratliff, Erminio Di Lodovico, Luke Sluder __ Want to find Crash Course elsewhere on the internet? Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/thecrashcourse/ Facebook - http://www.facebook.com/YouTubeCrashCourse Bluesky - https://bsky.app/profile/thecrashcourse.bsky.social CC Kids: http://www.youtube.com/crashcoursekids

The Native Civil Rights Movement: Ep 15 of Crash Course Native American History

9/09/2025

We’re in our self-determination era! In this episode of Crash Course Native American History, we’ll explore the activism that led to the biggest change in modern federal Indian policy, and how it affects Native nations today. Introduction: Alcatraz 00:00 Indians of All Tribes 0:36 The Self-determination Era 1:56 Effects of Self-determination 3:58 The Indian Child Welfare Act 6:37 Problems with Self-determination 7:23 Self-determination Today 8:55 Review & Credits 9:49 Sources: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1g1BpQk_2qXtFeQBffoAT-rrogcKRaA2eNjeRCpmCrJ8/edit?usp=sharing Want to know more about how this series was made? Learn more here: https://docs.google.com/document/d/17yp3u28s40TdjyrJniIf4U9YA8wPtvQ1g1B-HSHQ2Q4/edit?tab=t.0#heading=h.6vtzps565m2 *** Support us for $5/month on Patreon to keep Crash Course free for everyone forever! https://www.patreon.com/crashcourse Or support us directly: https://complexly.com/support Join our Crash Course email list to get the latest news and highlights: https://mailchi.mp/crashcourse/email Get our special Crash Course Educators newsletter: http://eepurl.com/iBgMhY Thanks to the following patrons for their generous monthly contributions that help keep Crash Course free for everyone forever: EllenBryn, Johnathan Williams, Brandon Thomas, Jennifer Wiggins-Lyndall, Barbara Pettersen, Emily Beazley, Rie Ohta, Evan Nelson, Elizabeth LaBelle, Dalton Williams, Chelsea S, Allison Wood, UwU, oranjeez, Leah H., David Fanska, SpaceRangerWes, Katie Hoban, Roger Harms, Andrew Woods, Gina Mancuso, Michael Maher, Jason Terpstra, AThirstyPhilosopher ., Mitch Gresko, Reed Spilmann, Quinn Harden, Shruti S, DexcilaDou, Thomas Sully, Matthew Fredericksen, Jack Hart, Kevin Knupp, Katrix , Toni Miles, Thomas, Kyle & Katherine Callahan, Siobhán, Alan Bridgeman, team dorsey, Emily T, Triad Terrace, Jason Buster, Jennifer Killen, Wai Jack Sin, Les Aker, John Lee, Joseph Ruf, Laurel Stevens, Katie Dean, Nathan Taylor, Steve Segreto, Stephen McCandless, Alex Hackman, Ken Penttinen, Matt Curls, Sarah & Nathan Catchings, Krystle Young, Constance Urist, Eric Koslow, Scott Harrison, ClareG, Samantha, Ian Dundore, Kristina D Knight, Ken Davidian, Perry Joyce, Jason Rostoker, Bernardo Garza, Indija-ka Siriwardena, Trevin Beattie, Liz Wdow, Pietro Gagliardi, Barrett Nuzum, Rizwan Kassim, Stephen Akuffo, Duncan W Moore IV, Breanna Bosso, Tanner Hedrick, Caleb Weeks, Evol Hong, Tandy Ratliff, Erminio Di Lodovico, Luke Sluder __ Want to find Crash Course elsewhere on the internet? Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/thecrashcourse/ Facebook - http://www.facebook.com/YouTubeCrashCourse Bluesky - https://bsky.app/profile/thecrashcourse.bsky.social CC Kids: http://www.youtube.com/crashcoursekids

The Termination Act Explained: Ep 14 of Crash Course Native American History

2/09/2025

Termination and relocation might seem like totally unrelated policies—but they were part of the same disappearing act. In this episode of Crash Course Native American History, we’ll learn how terminating federal recognition for more than a hundred Native nations while encouraging Native people to move to cities served the same goals. Introduction: The Menominee 00:00 Historical Context 0:38 The Urban Indian Relocation Program 3:03 The Termination Act 3:56 Terminating the Menominee 5:10 Effects of Termination 6:03 Effects of Relocation 7:54 Restoring the Menominee 8:57 Review & Credits 10:58 Sources: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1g1BpQk_2qXtFeQBffoAT-rrogcKRaA2eNjeRCpmCrJ8/edit?usp=sharing Want to know more about how this series was made? Learn more here: https://docs.google.com/document/d/17yp3u28s40TdjyrJniIf4U9YA8wPtvQ1g1B-HSHQ2Q4/edit?tab=t.0#heading=h.6vtzps565m2 *** Support us for $5/month on Patreon to keep Crash Course free for everyone forever! https://www.patreon.com/crashcourse Or support us directly: https://complexly.com/support Join our Crash Course email list to get the latest news and highlights: https://mailchi.mp/crashcourse/email Get our special Crash Course Educators newsletter: http://eepurl.com/iBgMhY Thanks to the following patrons for their generous monthly contributions that help keep Crash Course free for everyone forever: EllenBryn, Johnathan Williams, Brandon Thomas, Jennifer Wiggins-Lyndall, Barbara Pettersen, Emily Beazley, Rie Ohta, Evan Nelson, Elizabeth LaBelle, Dalton Williams, Chelsea S, Allison Wood, UwU, oranjeez, Leah H., David Fanska, SpaceRangerWes, Katie Hoban, Roger Harms, Andrew Woods, Gina Mancuso, Michael Maher, Jason Terpstra, AThirstyPhilosopher ., Mitch Gresko, Reed Spilmann, Quinn Harden, Shruti S, DexcilaDou, Thomas Sully, Matthew Fredericksen, Jack Hart, Kevin Knupp, Katrix , Toni Miles, Thomas, Kyle & Katherine Callahan, Siobhán, Alan Bridgeman, team dorsey, Emily T, Triad Terrace, Jason Buster, Jennifer Killen, Wai Jack Sin, Les Aker, John Lee, Joseph Ruf, Laurel Stevens, Katie Dean, Nathan Taylor, Steve Segreto, Stephen McCandless, Alex Hackman, Ken Penttinen, Matt Curls, Sarah & Nathan Catchings, Krystle Young, Constance Urist, Eric Koslow, Scott Harrison, ClareG, Samantha, Ian Dundore, Kristina D Knight, Ken Davidian, Perry Joyce, Jason Rostoker, Bernardo Garza, Indija-ka Siriwardena, Trevin Beattie, Liz Wdow, Pietro Gagliardi, Barrett Nuzum, Rizwan Kassim, Stephen Akuffo, Duncan W Moore IV, Breanna Bosso, Tanner Hedrick, Caleb Weeks, Evol Hong, Tandy Ratliff, Erminio Di Lodovico, Luke Sluder __ Want to find Crash Course elsewhere on the internet? Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/thecrashcourse/ Facebook - http://www.facebook.com/YouTubeCrashCourse Bluesky - https://bsky.app/profile/thecrashcourse.bsky.social CC Kids: http://www.youtube.com/crashcoursekids

The Indian Reorganization Act Explained: Ep 13 of Crash Course Native American History

26/08/2025

Something big happened in 1934—but whether it was good or bad depends on who you ask. In this episode of Crash Course Native American History, we’ll unpack the ins and outs of the Indian Reorganization Act, the first piece of legislation that tried to right the wrongs of the U.S. government against Native Americans, and its ninety-year-long legacy. Introduction: The Navajo's Livestock 00:00 The Meriam Report 0:52 The Indian Reorganization Act 3:21 The Ute Tribes of Colorado 6:08 Downsides of the IRA 7:34 The IRA Today 9:22 Review & Credits 10:42 Sources: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1g1BpQk_2qXtFeQBffoAT-rrogcKRaA2eNjeRCpmCrJ8/edit?usp=sharing Want to know more about how this series was made? Learn more here: https://docs.google.com/document/d/17yp3u28s40TdjyrJniIf4U9YA8wPtvQ1g1B-HSHQ2Q4/edit?tab=t.0#heading=h.6vtzps565m2 *** Support us for $5/month on Patreon to keep Crash Course free for everyone forever! https://www.patreon.com/crashcourse Or support us directly: https://complexly.com/support Join our Crash Course email list to get the latest news and highlights: https://mailchi.mp/crashcourse/email Get our special Crash Course Educators newsletter: http://eepurl.com/iBgMhY Thanks to the following patrons for their generous monthly contributions that help keep Crash Course free for everyone forever: EllenBryn, Johnathan Williams, Brandon Thomas, Jennifer Wiggins-Lyndall, Barbara Pettersen, Emily Beazley, Rie Ohta, Evan Nelson, Elizabeth LaBelle, Dalton Williams, Chelsea S, Allison Wood, UwU, oranjeez, Leah H., David Fanska, SpaceRangerWes, Katie Hoban, Roger Harms, Andrew Woods, Gina Mancuso, Michael Maher, Jason Terpstra, AThirstyPhilosopher ., Mitch Gresko, Reed Spilmann, Quinn Harden, Shruti S, DexcilaDou, Thomas Sully, Matthew Fredericksen, Jack Hart, Kevin Knupp, Katrix , Toni Miles, Thomas, Kyle & Katherine Callahan, Siobhán, Alan Bridgeman, team dorsey, Emily T, Triad Terrace, Jason Buster, Jennifer Killen, Wai Jack Sin, Les Aker, John Lee, Joseph Ruf, Laurel Stevens, Katie Dean, Nathan Taylor, Steve Segreto, Stephen McCandless, Alex Hackman, Ken Penttinen, Matt Curls, Sarah & Nathan Catchings, Krystle Young, Constance Urist, Eric Koslow, Scott Harrison, ClareG, Samantha, Ian Dundore, Kristina D Knight, Ken Davidian, Perry Joyce, Jason Rostoker, Bernardo Garza, Indija-ka Siriwardena, Trevin Beattie, Liz Wdow, Pietro Gagliardi, Barrett Nuzum, Rizwan Kassim, Stephen Akuffo, Duncan W Moore IV, Breanna Bosso, Tanner Hedrick, Caleb Weeks, Evol Hong, Tandy Ratliff, Erminio Di Lodovico, Luke Sluder __ Want to find Crash Course elsewhere on the internet? Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/thecrashcourse/ Facebook - http://www.facebook.com/YouTubeCrashCourse Bluesky - https://bsky.app/profile/thecrashcourse.bsky.social CC Kids: http://www.youtube.com/crashcoursekids

The History of America’s Indian Boarding Schools: Ep 12 of Crash Course Native American History

12/08/2025

What did it mean to “Kill the Indian, Save the Man”? In this episode of Crash Course Native American History, we’ll learn about assimilation and allotment: a period where the U.S. government tried to eliminate Native Americans by erasing their culture, their way of life, and their claim over the land. Introduction: Biden's Apology 00:00 Assimilation 0:56 Native Boarding Schools 2:37 Allotment 4:44 Effects of Assimilation & Allotment 8:32 Review & Credits 9:51 Sources: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1g1BpQk_2qXtFeQBffoAT-rrogcKRaA2eNjeRCpmCrJ8/edit?usp=sharing Want to know more about how this series was made? Learn more here: https://docs.google.com/document/d/17yp3u28s40TdjyrJniIf4U9YA8wPtvQ1g1B-HSHQ2Q4/edit?tab=t.0#heading=h.6vtzps565m2 *** Support us for $5/month on Patreon to keep Crash Course free for everyone forever! https://www.patreon.com/crashcourse Or support us directly: https://complexly.com/support Join our Crash Course email list to get the latest news and highlights: https://mailchi.mp/crashcourse/email Get our special Crash Course Educators newsletter: http://eepurl.com/iBgMhY Thanks to the following patrons for their generous monthly contributions that help keep Crash Course free for everyone forever: AThirstyPhilosopher ., Leah H., Jason Terpstra, Matthew Fredericksen, Roger Harms, Quinn Harden, Dalton Williams, Michael Maher, Allison Wood, Katrix , Chelsea S, Rie Ohta, Andrew Woods, Gina Mancuso, Mitch Gresko, Katie Hoban, Reed Spilmann, EllenBryn, Evan Nelson, Elizabeth LaBelle, UwU, Kevin Knupp, SpaceRangerWes, Johnathan Williams, Ken Davidian, oranjeez, Barbara Pettersen, Emily Beazley, David Fanska, Brandon Thomas, Jennifer Wiggins-Lyndall, Jack Hart, Thomas Sully, Shruti S, Joseph Ruf, Alex Hackman, Ian Dundore, Eric Koslow, Erminio Di Lodovico, Kristina D Knight, Stephen McCandless, Triad Terrace, Emily T, team dorsey, Thomas, Breanna Bosso, Alan Bridgeman, Barrett Nuzum, Samantha, Ken Penttinen, ClareG, Toni Miles, Scott Harrison, Pietro Gagliardi, Matt Curls, Wai Jack Sin, Liz Wdow, Perry Joyce, Kyle & Katherine Callahan, Stephen Akuffo, Constance Urist, Siobhán, Nathan Taylor, Tanner Hedrick, Jason Buster, Duncan W Moore IV, Les Aker, Jason Rostoker, John Lee, Laurel Stevens, Sarah & Nathan Catchings, Bernardo Garza, Rizwan Kassim, Jennifer Killen, Krystle Young, Katie Dean, Indija-ka Siriwardena, Trevin Beattie, Steve Segreto, Caleb Weeks, Tandy Ratliff, Luke Sluder, Evol Hong __ Want to find Crash Course elsewhere on the internet? Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/thecrashcourse/ Facebook - http://www.facebook.com/YouTubeCrashCourse Bluesky - https://bsky.app/profile/thecrashcourse.bsky.social CC Kids: http://www.youtube.com/crashcoursekids